IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jjrfmx/v17y2024i12p580-d1550301.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Influence of Liquidity Risk on Financial Performance: A Study of the UK’s Largest Commercial Banks

Author

Listed:
  • Ahmed Eltweri

    (Accounting and Finance, Liverpool Business School, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L1 9DE, UK)

  • Nedal Sawan

    (Accounting and Finance, Liverpool Business School, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L1 9DE, UK)

  • Krayyem Al-Hajaya

    (Department of Accounting, Business School, Mutah University, Alkarak 61710, Jordan)

  • Zineb Badri

    (Abacus Glasgow, Glasgow G3 8QJ, UK)

Abstract

The Basel III regulations turned the banking industry around worldwide and created new challenges for banks’ financial stability, particularly in liquidity management. As the demand for compliance with the rules started to grow, the inability of banks worldwide to meet the Basel III requirements about liquidity shifted the way they work. This paper highlights the complex relationship between liquidity and bank profitability in the post-Basel III era. Based on market presence and influence, 10 publicly traded UK commercial banks were selected for 2015–2021. Panel data, using FGLS regression models, were tested to elaborate in detail how the liquidity risk indicators determine banks’ performance, as measured by different profitability indicators. The findings were diversified: some showed that the relationship between liquidity risk indicators and bank profitability is contingent upon the interaction of several dimensions that range from the internal aspects of the banks themselves to general macroeconomic factors. This study provides vital insights into the current literature on risk management, especially about liquidity risks and their effect on bank performance. The findings of this study contribute meaningfully to the knowledge base for banks, regulators, and policymakers. This will contribute to better decision-making, financial stability, and long-term development within the UK’s banking industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmed Eltweri & Nedal Sawan & Krayyem Al-Hajaya & Zineb Badri, 2024. "The Influence of Liquidity Risk on Financial Performance: A Study of the UK’s Largest Commercial Banks," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-23, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:17:y:2024:i:12:p:580-:d:1550301
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/17/12/580/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/17/12/580/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gary Gorton & Richard Rosen, 1995. "Banks and Derivatives," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1995, Volume 10, pages 299-349, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Athanasoglou, Panayiotis P. & Brissimis, Sophocles N. & Delis, Matthaios D., 2008. "Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 121-136, April.
    3. Khanh Hoang & Son Tran & Liem Nguyen & Mohammed M Elgammal, 2022. "Credit information sharing, nonperforming loans and economic growth: A cross-country analysis," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2045720-204, December.
    4. Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli & Huizinga, Harry, 2013. "Are banks too big to fail or too big to save? International evidence from equity prices and CDS spreads," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 875-894.
    5. António Cardoso & Marta Cardoso, 2024. "Bank Reputation and Trust: Impact on Client Satisfaction and Loyalty for Portuguese Clients," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-23, July.
    6. Demsetz, Harold & Lehn, Kenneth, 1985. "The Structure of Corporate Ownership: Causes and Consequences," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 93(6), pages 1155-1177, December.
    7. Doug Waggle & Pankaj Agrrawal, 2015. "Investor Sentiment and Short-Term Returns for Size-Adjusted Value and Growth Portfolios," Journal of Behavioral Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(1), pages 81-93, January.
    8. Roman Horváth & Jakub Seidler & Laurent Weill, 2014. "Bank Capital and Liquidity Creation: Granger-Causality Evidence," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 45(3), pages 341-361, June.
    9. Mohamed Aymen Ben Moussa, 2015. "The Determinants of Bank Liquidity: Case of Tunisia," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 5(1), pages 249-259.
    10. Le, Minh & Hoang, Viet-Ngu & Wilson, Clevo & Managi, Shunsuke, 2020. "Net stable funding ratio and profit efficiency of commercial banks in the US," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 55-66.
    11. Lina Hani Warrad, 2017. "Financial Risk, Liquidity Risk and their Effect on the Listed Jordanian Islamic Bank's Performance," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 7(9), pages 545-561, September.
    12. Boris Radovanov & Nada Milenković & Branimir Kalaš & Aleksandra Marcikić Horvat, 2023. "Do the Same Determinants Affect Banks’ Profitability and Liquidity? Evidence from West Balkan Countries Using a Panel Data Regression Analysis," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-20, September.
    13. Thi Hien Nguyen, 2020. "Impact of Bank Capital Adequacy on Bank Profitability under Basel II Accord: Evidence from Vietnam," Journal of Economic Development, Chung-Ang Unviersity, Department of Economics, vol. 45(1), pages 31-46, March.
    14. Tran, Vuong Thao & Lin, Chien-Ting & Nguyen, Hoa, 2016. "Liquidity creation, regulatory capital, and bank profitability," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 98-109.
    15. King Carl Tornam Duho, 2023. "Determinants of capital adequacy and voluntary capital buffer among microfinance institutions in an emerging market," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(2), pages 2285142-228, October.
    16. IDOWU Abiola & Awoyemi Samuel Olausi, 2014. "The Impact of Credit Risk Management on the Commercial Banks Performance in Nigeria," International Journal of Management and Sustainability, Conscientia Beam, vol. 3(5), pages 295-306.
    17. Dat T Nguyen & Tu DQ Le & Son H Tran, 2023. "The moderating role of income diversification on the relationship between intellectual capital and bank performance evidence from Viet Nam," Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2182621-218, December.
    18. Roy Culpeper, 2012. "Financial Sector Policy and Development in the Wake of the Global Crisis: the role of national development banks," Third World Quarterly, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(3), pages 383-403.
    19. Idowu Abiola & Awoyemi Samuel Olausi, 2014. "The Impact of Credit Risk Management on the Commercial Banks Performance in Nigeria," International Journal of Management and Sustainability, Conscientia Beam, vol. 3(5), pages 295-306.
    20. Yong Tan & Christos Floros, 2012. "Bank profitability and GDP growth in China: a note," Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(3), pages 267-273, January.
    21. Yasir Ashraf & Mian Sajid Nazir & Salah U-Din & Muhammad Shahbaz Yaqoob & Aamer Shahzad, 2023. "What determines income diversification of banking firms in Pakistan?," International Journal of Business Excellence, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 30(1), pages 1-16.
    22. C.R. Sathyamoorthi & Mogotsinyana Mapharing & Mashoko Dzimiri, 2020. "Liquidity Management and Financial Performance: Evidence From Commercial Banks in Botswana," International Journal of Financial Research, International Journal of Financial Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 11(5), pages 399-413, October.
    23. Étienne Bordeleau & Christopher Graham, 2010. "The Impact of Liquidity on Bank Profitability," Staff Working Papers 10-38, Bank of Canada.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ahmad Sahyouni & Man Wang, 2018. "The determinants of Bank Profitability: Does Liquidity Creation matter?," Journal of Economics and Financial Analysis, Tripal Publishing House, vol. 2(2), pages 61-85.
    2. Osoro, Jared & Josea, Kiplangat, 2022. "Banking system adjustment to shock: The Kenyan case of liquidity-profitability trade-offs," KBA Centre for Research on Financial Markets and Policy Working Paper Series 56, Kenya Bankers Association (KBA).
    3. Muhammad Saifuddin Khan, 2018. "The Role of Liquidity in Financial Intermediation," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 1-2018, January-A.
    4. Tran, Vuong Thao & Lin, Chien-Ting & Nguyen, Hoa, 2016. "Liquidity creation, regulatory capital, and bank profitability," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 98-109.
    5. Seba Mohanty & Jitendra Mahakud, 2021. "Causal Nexus Between Liquidity Creation and Bank Capital Ratio: Evidence from India," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 15(2), pages 205-237, May.
    6. Jamil Salem Al Zaidanin, 2020. "A Study on Financial Performance of the Jordanian Commercial Banks using the CAMEL Model and Panel Data Approach," International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 9(4), pages 111-130, October.
    7. Faluk Shair & Na Sun & Sun Shaorong & Firdos Atta & Muhammad Hussain, 2019. "Impacts of risk and competition on the profitability of banks: Empirical evidence from Pakistan," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(11), pages 1-27, November.
    8. Tu D. Q. Le & Dat T. Nguyen, 2020. "Capital Structure and Bank Profitability in Vietnam: A Quantile Regression Approach," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-17, August.
    9. Ahmad Sahyouni & Man Wang, 2019. "Liquidity Creation and Bank Performance of Syrian Banks before and during the Syrian War," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-17, July.
    10. Duan, Ying & Niu, Jijun, 2020. "Liquidity creation and bank profitability," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    11. Benjamin M Tabak & Dimas M Fazio & Regis A Ely & Joao M. T. Amaral & Daniel O Cajueiro, 2017. "The effects of capital buffers on profitability: An empirical study," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(3), pages 1468-1473.
    12. Maria Elisabete Duarte Neves & Maria Do Castelo Gouveia & Catarina Alexandra Neves Proença, 2020. "European Bank’s Performance and Efficiency," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, April.
    13. Ahmad Sahyouni & Man Wang, 2022. "Bank capital and liquidity creation: evidence from Islamic and conventional MENA banks," Afro-Asian Journal of Finance and Accounting, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 12(3), pages 291-311.
    14. Baffour Gyau, Emmanuel & Appiah, Michael & Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi & Achie, Theodoria & Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr, 2024. "Transforming banking: Examining the role of AI technology innovation in boosting banks financial performance," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 96(PB).
    15. Christopoulos, Apostolos G. & Dokas, Ioannis G. & Katsimardou, Sofia & Spyromitros, Eleftherios, 2020. "Assessing banking sectors’ efficiency of financially troubled Eurozone countries," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    16. Mahbub, Tasmina & Matthews, Kent & Barker, Kate, 2019. "Other people’s money: The profit performance of Bangladeshi family dominated banks," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 103-112.
    17. Md. Imran Hossain, 2021. "Effects of E-Banking Adoption on the Financial Performance of State-Owned Commercial Banks in Bangladesh," Information Resources Management Journal (IRMJ), IGI Global, vol. 34(4), pages 1-20, October.
    18. Richard Charmler & Alhassan Musah & Evans Akomeah & Erasmus Dodzi Gakpetor, 2018. "The Impact of Liquidity on Performance of Commercial Banks in Ghana," Academic Journal of Economic Studies, Faculty of Finance, Banking and Accountancy Bucharest,"Dimitrie Cantemir" Christian University Bucharest, vol. 4(4), pages 78-90, December.
    19. Muhammad Haris & Yong Tan & Ali Malik & Qurat Ul Ain, 2020. "A Study on the Impact of Capitalization on the Profitability of Banks in Emerging Markets: A Case of Pakistan," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, September.
    20. Saghi-Zedek, Nadia & Tarazi, Amine, 2015. "Excess control rights, financial crisis and bank profitability and risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 361-379.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:17:y:2024:i:12:p:580-:d:1550301. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.