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Dynamic carpool in morning commute: Role of high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) and high-occupancy-toll (HOT) lanes

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  • Zhong, Lin
  • Zhang, Kenan
  • (Marco) Nie, Yu
  • Xu, Jiuping

Abstract

This study analyzes carpool in morning commute, using a bottleneck model that allocates a fraction of the bottleneck capacity to a high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) or a high-occupancy-toll (HOT) lane. Commuters are homogeneous cost minimizers who participate carpool through a platform, either as solo driver, carpool driver or carpool rider. At user equilibrium (UE), no commuter can unilaterally lower her cost by switching to a different departure time, carpool role or road facility. Because a rider can use the in-vehicle time more productively than her driver, she enjoys a cost benefit that grows with the journey time. Therefore, the driver must be compensated more when travel delay due to congestion is longer. This requirement is fulfilled through a time-dependent carpool ratio that determines how much a driver is paid. We characterize and numerically obtain the UE solutions for this dynamic carpool problem. Results of numerical experiments show that the HOV lane promotes carpool and boosts welfare. The larger capacity the HOV lane is allocated, the greater benefit it offers to the system. In addition, an HOT lane can bring additional welfare gains with a modest level of toll.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhong, Lin & Zhang, Kenan & (Marco) Nie, Yu & Xu, Jiuping, 2020. "Dynamic carpool in morning commute: Role of high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) and high-occupancy-toll (HOT) lanes," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 98-119.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transb:v:135:y:2020:i:c:p:98-119
    DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2020.03.002
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    2. Saxena, Aditya & Gupta, Vallary, 2023. "Carpooling: Who is closest to adopting it? An investigation into the potential car-poolers among private vehicle users: A case of a developing country, India," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 11-20.
    3. Wenyuan Zhou & Xuanrong Li & Zhenguo Shi & Bingjie Yang & Dongxu Chen, 2023. "Impact of Carpooling under Mobile Internet on Travel Mode Choices and Urban Traffic Volume: The Case of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-15, April.
    4. Xiao, Ling-Ling & Liu, Tian-Liang & Huang, Hai-Jun & Liu, Ronghui, 2021. "Temporal-spatial allocation of bottleneck capacity for managing morning commute with carpool," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 177-200.
    5. Yuan, Fangfang & Wang, Xiaolei & Chen, Zhibin, 2024. "Assessing the impact of ride-sourcing vehicles on HOV-lane efficacy and management strategies," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 35-52.
    6. Andrea Araldo & Andr'e de Palma & Souhila Arib & Vincent Gauthier & Romain Sere & Youssef Chaabouni & Oussama Kharouaa & Ado Adamou Abba Ari, 2020. "Pooling for First and Last Mile: Integrating Carpooling and Transit," Papers 2010.13438, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2022.
    7. R. Lamotte & A. de Palma & N. Geroliminis, 2020. "Impacts of Metering-Based Dynamic Priority Schemes," THEMA Working Papers 2020-14, THEMA (THéorie Economique, Modélisation et Applications), Université de Cergy-Pontoise.
    8. Wu, Jiyan & Tian, Ye & Sun, Jian, 2023. "Managing ridesharing with incentives in a bottleneck model," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    9. María del Carmen Rey-Merchán & Antonio López-Arquillos & Manuela Pires Rosa & Jesús Manuel Gómez-de-Gabriel, 2022. "Proposal for an Institutional Carpooling System among Workers from the Public-Education Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-10, November.
    10. Cohen, Maxime C. & Jacquillat, Alexandre & Ratzon, Avia & Sasson, Roy, 2022. "The impact of high-occupancy vehicle lanes on carpooling," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 186-206.
    11. Hu, Shichun & Dessouky, Maged M. & Uhan, Nelson A. & Vayanos, Phebe, 2021. "Cost-sharing mechanism design for ride-sharing," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 410-434.
    12. Zipeng Zhang & Ning Zhang, 2021. "The Morning Commute Problem with Ridesharing When Meet Stochastic Bottleneck," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-13, May.

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