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Regional differences, dynamic evolution, and obstacle factors of cultivated land ecological security in China

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  • Lee, Chien-Chiang
  • Qian, Anqi

Abstract

Under the influence of geopolitical conflicts, extreme weather, and other factors, global food security has been severely impacted. Cultivated land ecological security in China is vital for guaranteeing local food security and sustainable development. Therefore, using provincial data from 2003 to 2020, this research establishes an index system based on the pressure-state-response (PSR) model and assesses its cultivated land ecological security via the entropy weight method. A series of measurements such as Dagum's Gini coefficient and spatial Markov chain are then adopted to reveal changes in regional differences and spatial-temporal characteristics of cultivated land ecological security in China. The findings indicate that this ecological security has risen from insecure to critically secure, but the overall gap has gradually widened, mainly stemming from interregional differences. Cultivated land ecological security exhibits positive spatial clustering characteristics and the phenomenon of club convergence. The amount of water resources, the degree of soil erosion control, and the strength of local financial expenditure on agriculture are the main factors hindering its cultivated land ecological security, and the threats mainly come from the response criterion layer. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen measures for cropland ecological protection, to formulate targeted strategies by combining the regional characteristics, to narrow the intra-regional gap, and to bring into play the spatial radiation effect of high-level provinces.

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  • Lee, Chien-Chiang & Qian, Anqi, 2024. "Regional differences, dynamic evolution, and obstacle factors of cultivated land ecological security in China," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:soceps:v:94:y:2024:i:c:s0038012124001691
    DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2024.101970
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    3. Yutong Xiao & Jun Chen & Peng Yin, 2025. "Institutionalization of Ecological Civilization Construction in China: Measurements and Influencing Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-22, February.
    4. Kun Zeng & Xiong Duan & Bin Chen & Lanxi Jia, 2025. "Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Eco-Efficiency of Cultivated Land Use and Its Influencing Factors: Evidence from the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-23, March.
    5. Yuxuan Wang & Ze Tian & Xiaodong Jing & Mengyao Li, 2025. "Development Dynamics and Influencing Factors of China’s Agricultural Green Ecological Efficiency Based on an Evaluation Model Incorporating Ecosystem Service Value and Carbon Emissions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-31, September.
    6. Luo, Kang & Lee, Chien-Chiang & Zeng, Mingli & Hu, Weihui, 2024. "How does the development of digital economy in central cities promote the coordinated development of regions? Evidence from 19 urban agglomerations in China," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    7. Xinzhou Luo & Yingcong Ye & Xi Guo & Xiaomin Zhao & Lihua Kuang, 2025. "Multifunctional Evolution Response Mechanisms to Urbanization Processes on Peri-Urban Cultivated Land, Nanchang City, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-21, January.
    8. Yanhong Hang & Xue Lu & Xiaoming Li, 2025. "Spatiotemporal Differentiation Characteristics and Zoning of Cultivated Land System Resilience in the Songnen Plain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-25, May.
    9. Kun Cheng & Bao Zhu & Nan Sun & Xingyang Zhang, 2025. "Multi-Scale Spatiotemporal Characteristics Assessment of Water and Land Resources Ecological Security in China’s Main Grain-Producing Areas," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-20, August.
    10. Wang, Haoyang & Chai, Chaoqing & Niu, Wenhao & Qi, Yuan & Zheng, Weiwei & Kong, Xiangbin & Zhang, Bangbang, 2025. "Cropland displacement results in changes in cropland site conditions and quality in China during 1990–2020," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).

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