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A comprehensive review of microgrids with hydrogen energy systems: energy management strategies and system optimization

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  • Zhu, Ying
  • Li, Xinying
  • Ma, Yinjie
  • Long, Zhi
  • Liu, Hanwen
  • E, Jiaqiang

Abstract

Incorporating hydrogen energy into microgrids (MGs) supports for developing reliable and eco-friendly energy solutions. Effective implementation of hydrogen energy system (HES)-integrated MGs requires a comprehensive understanding of system architecture and energy flow, with energy management systems (EMS) serving as critical components for operational optimization. These strategies are designed to boost the MG's performance during both stable and dynamic conditions, prolong the lifespan of HES components (cutting down on costly replacements and upkeep), and maintain a reliable energy flow by keeping a close eye on hydrogen storage levels. Additionally, they aim to maximize the system's overall efficiency by taking into account the HES's performance metrics. The review also explores multi-objective and multi-time-scale optimization methods for MGs with HESs, balancing technology, economy, and environment, and addressing short-term fluctuations and long-term planning. Ultimately, the paper consolidates the key findings and offers insights into future technical challenges and research directions.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhu, Ying & Li, Xinying & Ma, Yinjie & Long, Zhi & Liu, Hanwen & E, Jiaqiang, 2026. "A comprehensive review of microgrids with hydrogen energy systems: energy management strategies and system optimization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:229:y:2026:i:c:s1364032125013085
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116635
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