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Performance and energy aspects of single and two phase thermophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge

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  • Leite, Wanderli Rogério Moreira
  • Gottardo, Marco
  • Pavan, Paolo
  • Belli Filho, Paulo
  • Bolzonella, David

Abstract

The study reported in this paper considered the results of pilot-scale experiments on single and 2-phase anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge at high rate. Both single and 2-phase digesters were conducted at the same conditions of organic loading and retention time. The 2-phase anaerobic system showed clear increases in terms of organic matter removal and biogas production compared to the single stage system. Particularly, the volatile solids removal rose from 34% in the single stage system to 38% in the 2-phase system. Hence, the global specific biogas production increased 32%, moving from 0.21 to 0.31 m3/kgTVS·d respectively for the single and 2-phase systems. The 2-phase system produced 15% more energy than the single stage system. Furthermore, the heat produced in a CHP unit satisfied all heat requirements insuring more than the complete energetic sustainability of the process. Finally, both single and 2-phase digestates showed to meet requirements established for sludge reuse in agriculture regarding pathogens, metals and organic contaminants. A preliminary economic analysis showed the possibility to pay back the investment for the implementation of a second anaerobic reactor in 3 years because of both the increased biogas production and reduced quantity of excess sludge to be disposed of.

Suggested Citation

  • Leite, Wanderli Rogério Moreira & Gottardo, Marco & Pavan, Paolo & Belli Filho, Paulo & Bolzonella, David, 2016. "Performance and energy aspects of single and two phase thermophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 1324-1331.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:86:y:2016:i:c:p:1324-1331
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.09.069
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liao, Xiaocong & Li, Huan, 2015. "Biogas production from low-organic-content sludge using a high-solids anaerobic digester with improved agitation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 252-259.
    2. Nges, Ivo Achu & Liu, Jing, 2010. "Effects of solid retention time on anaerobic digestion of dewatered-sewage sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 2200-2206.
    3. Schievano, A. & Tenca, A. & Lonati, S. & Manzini, E. & Adani, F., 2014. "Can two-stage instead of one-stage anaerobic digestion really increase energy recovery from biomass?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 335-342.
    4. Bożym, Marta & Florczak, Iwona & Zdanowska, Paulina & Wojdalski, Janusz & Klimkiewicz, Marek, 2015. "An analysis of metal concentrations in food wastes for biogas production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 467-472.
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    1. Xiao, Benyi & Zhang, Wenzhe & Yi, Hao & Qin, Yu & Wu, Jing & Liu, Junxin & Li, Yu-You, 2019. "Biogas production by two-stage thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and paper waste: Effect of paper waste ratio," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1301-1309.
    2. Gottardo, Marco & Micolucci, Federico & Bolzonella, David & Uellendahl, Hinrich & Pavan, Paolo, 2017. "Pilot scale fermentation coupled with anaerobic digestion of food waste - Effect of dynamic digestate recirculation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PB), pages 455-463.
    3. Chen, Hong & Yi, Hao & Li, Hechao & Guo, Xuesong & Xiao, Benyi, 2020. "Effects of thermal and thermal-alkaline pretreatments on continuous anaerobic sludge digestion: Performance, energy balance and, enhancement mechanism," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 2409-2416.
    4. Ruffino, Barbara & Cerutti, Alberto & Campo, Giuseppe & Scibilia, Gerardo & Lorenzi, Eugenio & Zanetti, Mariachiara, 2020. "Thermophilic vs. mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge: Modelling and energy balance for its applicability at a full scale WWTP," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 235-248.
    5. Marco Gottardo & Navid Khorramian & Paolo Pavan & Federico Battista & David Bolzonella & Roberto Lauri & Francesco Valentino, 2025. "Assessment of the Hydrogen Production Potential in a Zeolite Assisted Two-Phase Dark and Photo-Fermentation Process from Urban Waste Mixture," Resources, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-17, March.
    6. Brémond, Ulysse & de Buyer, Raphaëlle & Steyer, Jean-Philippe & Bernet, Nicolas & Carrere, Hélène, 2018. "Biological pretreatments of biomass for improving biogas production: an overview from lab scale to full-scale," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 583-604.
    7. Trad, Zaineb & Fontaine, Jean-Pierre & Larroche, Christian & Vial, Christophe, 2016. "Multiscale mixing analysis and modeling of biohydrogen production by dark fermentation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 264-282.
    8. Lavagnolo, Maria Cristina & Girotto, Francesca & Rafieenia, Razieh & Danieli, Luciano & Alibardi, Luca, 2018. "Two-stage anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste – Effects of process conditions during batch tests," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 14-20.
    9. Marta Zofia Cieślik & Andrzej Jan Lewicki & Wojciech Czekała & Iryna Vaskina, 2025. "Food Waste Bioconversion Features Depending on the Regime of Anaerobic Digestion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-17, August.

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