Combined vertical axis wind turbine and solar photovoltaic energy generation on dual land use with shading impact: Technical-economic-environmental assessment

There is a high amount of greenhouse gas emission from the generation of electricity by using fossil fuel, one of the solutions to reduce this emission is the use solar and wind energy resources for electrical energy generation. This study presents the techno-environmental economic evaluation of combining photovoltaic panels and vertical axis wind turbines for power generation on dual use land in Egypt's governorates. Maps of Egyptian governorates for the power generation for dual use of land, PV only use, wind turbines use only is presented for three sizes of the wind turbines. Three-dimensional model designs are done in SolidWorks and the solar photovoltaic panel energy generation including shading analysis is done in PVSyst. Besides, the energy system simulations are done on MATLAB Simulink. The findings show that the case using the solar photovoltaic only in South Sinai governorate performed the best by generating 18,747 MWh and mitigating 506 tonnes of CO2 in 25 years project lifetime. It has 0.0061 $/kWh LCOE, 8.46 years payback period and $113,920 capital cost. The largest area of shadows is casted when 3 kW VAWT is used for energy generation in the dual use land, followed by 10 kW VAWT, then 5 kW VAWT. The benefit of the vertical axis wind turbine in the dual use land is energy generation at times the solar photovoltaic panel is not generating electricity.