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Utilization of potato peel waste in cyanobacterium Spirulina sp. cultivation for biodiesel production and subsequent hydrochar production via optimized hydrothermal carbonization process

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  • Nguyen, Thi Thu Hang

Abstract

Growing concerns over food waste are occurring globally as most of the waste generated from the food industry has detrimental effects on society and the environment. Therefore, food waste should be recycled or utilized properly to ensure environmental sustainability. In this regard, potato peel waste hydrolysate (PPH) was used to cultivate a cyanobacterial strain, Spirulina sp., to appraise its growth, biochemicals, biodiesel, and hydrochar potentials. Spirulina was grown in different concentrations of PPH such as 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 % and the 10 % PPH-grown culture produced higher dry weight and biomass productivity of 1506 mg/L and 59.84 mg/L/d, respectively, than the BG-11 medium-grown culture on day 24. Further, higher levels of chlorophyll, phycocyanin, carbohydrates, and lipids were observed in the PPH-grown culture compared to the control. The total lipids from PPH conditions were converted into biodiesel at about 55 wt%, which is similar to the control. The fatty acid profile of the 10 % PPH-grown culture had higher levels of monounsaturated fatty acids than saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, i.e., C18:1 (14.37 %), C16:1 (9.32 %), while the control had higher levels of C16:0 (37.25 %), C18:0 (9.46 %), C18:3 (15.54 %). The CHNSO composition of the 10 %- PPH grown culture was 44.65, 7.4, 8.95, 0.91, and 38.09 %, respectively, with carbon as a dominant element compared to the control culture. Hydrothermal carbonization of the lipid-extracted biomass was studied at 150, 170, 190, 210, and 220 °C temperature, and 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 min time, and a higher hydrochar yield of 46.2 % was obtained at 190 °C for 120 min. Thus, this study paves the way to mitigate potato peel waste accumulation by utilizing it as a nutrient source for cyanobacterial cultivation for subsequent production of biodiesel and hydrochar via integrated refinery.

Suggested Citation

  • Nguyen, Thi Thu Hang, 2025. "Utilization of potato peel waste in cyanobacterium Spirulina sp. cultivation for biodiesel production and subsequent hydrochar production via optimized hydrothermal carbonization process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:255:y:2025:i:c:s096014812501479x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123815
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