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Renewable biomass production by mixotrophic algae in the presence of various carbon sources and wastewaters

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  • Bhatnagar, Ashish
  • Chinnasamy, Senthil
  • Singh, Manjinder
  • Das, K.C.

Abstract

This study evaluated mixotrophic growth potential of native microalgae in media supplemented with different organic carbon substrates and wastewaters. Three robust mixotrophic microalgae viz. Chlamydomonas globosa, Chlorella minutissima and Scenedesmus bijuga were isolated after long-term enrichments from industrial wastewater. The mixotrophic growth of these microalgae resulted in 3–10 times more biomass production relative to phototrophy. Glucose, sucrose and acetate supported significant mixotrophic growth. Poultry litter extract (PLE) as growth medium recorded up to 180% more biomass growth compared to standard growth medium BG11, while treated and untreated carpet industry wastewaters also supported higher biomass, compared to BG11 growth with no significant effect of additional nitrogen supplementation. Supplementing treated wastewater and PLE with glucose and nitrogen resulted in 2–7 times increase in biomass relative to the unamended wastewaters or PLE. The consortia of Chlamydomonas–Chlorella and Scenedesmus–Chlorella were the best for PLE and untreated wastewater respectively, while a combination all three strains was suitable for both PLE and wastewater. These algae can be good candidates for biofuel feedstock generation as they would not require freshwater or fertilizers. Such mixotrophic algal consortia offer great promise for production of renewable biomass for bioenergy applications using wastewaters.

Suggested Citation

  • Bhatnagar, Ashish & Chinnasamy, Senthil & Singh, Manjinder & Das, K.C., 2011. "Renewable biomass production by mixotrophic algae in the presence of various carbon sources and wastewaters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(10), pages 3425-3431.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:88:y:2011:i:10:p:3425-3431
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.064
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    1. Subhadra, Bobban G., 2011. "Water management policies for the algal biofuel sector in the Southwestern United States," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(10), pages 3492-3498.
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    11. Zhang, Yanting & Fan, Xiaolei & Yang, Zhiman & Wang, Huanyu & Yang, Dawei & Guo, Rongbo, 2012. "Characterization of H2 photoproduction by a new marine green alga, Platymonas helgolandica var. tsingtaoensis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 38-43.
    12. Marcin Dębowski & Marcin Zieliński & Joanna Kazimierowicz & Natalia Kujawska & Szymon Talbierz, 2020. "Microalgae Cultivation Technologies as an Opportunity for Bioenergetic System Development—Advantages and Limitations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-37, November.
    13. Ravindra Prasad & Sanjay Kumar Gupta & Nisha Shabnam & Carlos Yure B. Oliveira & Arvind Kumar Nema & Faiz Ahmad Ansari & Faizal Bux, 2021. "Role of Microalgae in Global CO 2 Sequestration: Physiological Mechanism, Recent Development, Challenges, and Future Prospective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-18, November.
    14. Cheah, Wai Yan & Ling, Tau Chuan & Show, Pau Loke & Juan, Joon Ching & Chang, Jo-Shu & Lee, Duu-Jong, 2016. "Cultivation in wastewaters for energy: A microalgae platform," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 609-625.
    15. Gollakota, Anjani R.K. & Shu, Chi-Min & Sarangi, Prakash Kumar & Shadangi, Krushna Prasad & Rakshit, Sudip & Kennedy, John F. & Gupta, Vijai Kumar & Sharma, Minaxi, 2023. "Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil and model compounds - Choice of catalysts, and mechanisms," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    16. Pang, Na & Gu, Xiangyu & Chen, Shulin & Kirchhoff, Helmut & Lei, Hanwu & Roje, Sanja, 2019. "Exploiting mixotrophy for improving productivities of biomass and co-products of microalgae," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 450-460.
    17. Hietala, David C. & Godwin, Casey M. & Cardinale, Bradley J. & Savage, Phillip E., 2019. "The independent and coupled effects of feedstock characteristics and reaction conditions on biocrude production by hydrothermal liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 714-728.
    18. Pawar, Sanjay, 2016. "Effectiveness mapping of open raceway pond and tubular photobioreactors for sustainable production of microalgae biofuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 640-653.
    19. Katiyar, Richa & Bharti, Randhir K. & Gurjar, B.R. & Kumar, Amit & Biswas, Shalini & Pruthi, Vikas, 2018. "Utilization of de-oiled algal biomass for enhancing vehicular quality biodiesel production from Chlorella sp. in mixotrophic cultivation systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 80-88.
    20. Kirrolia, Anita & Bishnoi, Narsi R. & Singh, Rajesh, 2013. "Microalgae as a boon for sustainable energy production and its future research & development aspects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 642-656.
    21. Zhu, Liandong & Hiltunen, Erkki & Shu, Qing & Zhou, Weizheng & Li, Zhaohua & Wang, Zhongming, 2014. "Biodiesel production from algae cultivated in winter with artificial wastewater through pH regulation by acetic acid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 103-110.
    22. Anahas, Antonyraj Matharasi Perianaika & Muralitharan, Gangatharan, 2019. "Central composite design (CCD) optimization of phytohormones supplementation for enhanced cyanobacterial biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 749-761.

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