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Biophysical and socioeconomic determinants of tea expansion: Apportioning their relative importance for sustainable land use policy

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  • Zhang, Qianwen
  • Gao, Wujun
  • Su, Shiliang
  • Weng, Min
  • Cai, Zhongliang

Abstract

Tea expansion, a typical process of regional land use and cover change (LUCC), has raised great concerns on regional sustainability. In this regard, exploring the determinants of tea expansion should provide critical implications for land use policy. It has been widely recognized that LUCC interacts nonlinearly with a set of determinants and their feedbacks should be rather complex. Policy makers are now facing the challenge to identify, apportion, and compare the determinants of regional tea expansion for designing more targeted political intervenes. Our paper utilizes a robust tool, the random forest (RF) regression in particular, to explore the determinants of tea expansion across two periods (1985–2007 and 2007–2016) in Anji County, a typical region of tea production in subtropical China. More specifically, tea is extracted from Landsat imageries and total tea cultivated area acts as the dependent variable. Exploratory variables include 38 potential determinants and these determinants are divided into two categories (biophysical and socioeconomic) at two levels (pixel and village). We obtain some similar findings, though the relative importance of determinants varies with the two periods. In general, biophysical determinants (e.g., topography, soil type, land use in the neighborhood) present greater relative importance than the socioeconomic determinants in both periods. In period 1985–2007, biophysical determinants at pixel level are more essential in governing tea expansion. In period 2007–2016, the relative importance of pixel level biophysical determinants is comparable with that of the village level determinants. Comparisons of the two periods indicate that relative importance of soil type and socioeconomic proximity becomes greater in period 2007–2016, while that of the total employees and non-agricultural population proportion becomes lower. Partial dependency plots are further drawn to visualize the marginal effect of each determinant. We finally propose three options for land use policy towards sustainability. Our study demonstrates that the RF regression is efficient for policy makers to understand the determinants of tea expansion with a nonlinear and complex nature.

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  • Zhang, Qianwen & Gao, Wujun & Su, Shiliang & Weng, Min & Cai, Zhongliang, 2017. "Biophysical and socioeconomic determinants of tea expansion: Apportioning their relative importance for sustainable land use policy," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 438-447.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:lauspo:v:68:y:2017:i:c:p:438-447
    DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.08.008
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    4. Su, Yue & Qian, Kui & Lin, Lin & Wang, Ke & Guan, Tao & Gan, Muye, 2020. "Identifying the driving forces of non-grain production expansion in rural China and its implications for policies on cultivated land protection," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    5. Allen H. Hu & Chia-Hsiang Chen & Lance Hongwei Huang & Ming-Hsiu Chung & Yi-Chen Lan & Zhonghua Chen, 2019. "Environmental Impact and Carbon Footprint Assessment of Taiwanese Agricultural Products: A Case Study on Taiwanese Dongshan Tea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, January.
    6. Shuai Li & Haiyu Ma & Di Yang & Wei Hu & Hao Li, 2023. "The Main Drivers of Wetland Evolution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plain," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-25, February.
    7. Hu, Lirong & He, Shenjing & Han, Zixuan & Xiao, He & Su, Shiliang & Weng, Min & Cai, Zhongliang, 2019. "Monitoring housing rental prices based on social media:An integrated approach of machine-learning algorithms and hedonic modeling to inform equitable housing policies," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 657-673.
    8. Yi Liu & Zhongyun Ni & Yinbing Zhao & Guoli Zhou & Yuhao Luo & Shuai Li & Dong Wang & Shaowen Zhang, 2022. "Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Driving Forces of Drying Trends on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Based on Geomorphological Division," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-31, June.

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