IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/lajcba/v1y2020i1s2666143820300156.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Systemic risk and other interdependencies among banks in Bolivia

Author

Listed:
  • Caceres-Santos, Jonnathan
  • Rodriguez-Martinez, Anahi
  • Caccioli, Fabio
  • Martinez-Jaramillo, Serafin

Abstract

We performed a study of the Bolivian high-value payment system between 2015 and 2020 and of the network of interbank exposures between 2018 and 2020. We characterize the network structure of these systems and perform a systemic risk analysis. We find that the connectivity of the payment network has increased over time, and that it displays a core-periphery structure. Using the SinkRank algorithm, we identify two institutions as the most important throughout the period of study. However, by exploring daily, monthly and yearly networks, we find that, in general, the ranking depends on the level of temporal aggregation. Concerning interbank exposures, we carry out a systemic risk analysis using the DebtRank algorithm. In this analysis, we adjust the banks’ Tier 1 capital to account for credit risk from the commercial loans portfolios, based on the estimation of unexpected losses. We find that average DebtRank and vulnerability of banks tend to increase over time. We link this to a corresponding trend in the size of exposures. We observe spikes in DebtRank and vulnerability, which also occur in correspondence with spikes observed in the size of exposures.

Suggested Citation

  • Caceres-Santos, Jonnathan & Rodriguez-Martinez, Anahi & Caccioli, Fabio & Martinez-Jaramillo, Serafin, 2020. "Systemic risk and other interdependencies among banks in Bolivia," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 1(1).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:lajcba:v:1:y:2020:i:1:s2666143820300156
    DOI: 10.1016/j.latcb.2020.100015
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666143820300156
    Download Restriction: Gold Open Access
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.latcb.2020.100015?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marco Bardoscia & Stefano Battiston & Fabio Caccioli & Guido Caldarelli, 2016. "Pathways towards instability in financial networks," Papers 1602.05883, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2017.
    2. Rodrigo César de Castro Miranda & Benjamin Miranda Tabak, 2013. "Contagion Risk within Firm-Bank Bivariate Networks," Working Papers Series 322, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    3. Poledna, Sebastian & Molina-Borboa, José Luis & Martínez-Jaramillo, Serafín & van der Leij, Marco & Thurner, Stefan, 2015. "The multi-layer network nature of systemic risk and its implications for the costs of financial crises," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 70-81.
    4. León, Carlos & Machado, Clara & Sarmiento, Miguel, 2018. "Identifying central bank liquidity super-spreaders in interbank funds networks," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 75-92.
    5. Gai, Prasanna & Kapadia, Sujit, 2010. "Contagion in financial networks," Bank of England working papers 383, Bank of England.
    6. Soramäki, Kimmo & Bech, Morten L. & Arnold, Jeffrey & Glass, Robert J. & Beyeler, Walter E., 2007. "The topology of interbank payment flows," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 379(1), pages 317-333.
    7. Riccardo Marcaccioli & Giacomo Livan, 2019. "A Pólya urn approach to information filtering in complex networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
    8. Becher, Christopher & Millard, Stephen & SoramÃÂäki, Kimmo, 2008. "The network topology of CHAPS Sterling," Bank of England working papers 355, Bank of England.
    9. Karl Finger & Daniel Fricke & Thomas Lux, 2013. "Network analysis of the e-MID overnight money market: the informational value of different aggregation levels for intrinsic dynamic processes," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 10(2), pages 187-211, June.
    10. F. Kyriakopoulos & S. Thurner & C. Puhr & S. W. Schmitz, 2009. "Network and eigenvalue analysis of financial transaction networks," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 71(4), pages 523-531, October.
    11. Michael Boss & Helmut Elsinger & Martin Summer & Stefan Thurner, 2004. "An Empirical Analysis of the Network Structure of the Austrian Interbank Market," Financial Stability Report, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue 7, pages 77-87.
    12. Bech, Morten L. & Atalay, Enghin, 2010. "The topology of the federal funds market," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(22), pages 5223-5246.
    13. Craig, Ben & von Peter, Goetz, 2014. "Interbank tiering and money center banks," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 322-347.
    14. Hüser, Anne-Caroline, 2016. "Too interconnected to fail: A survey of the Interbank Networks literature," SAFE Working Paper Series 91, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, revised 2016.
    15. Martinez-Jaramillo, Serafin & Alexandrova-Kabadjova, Biliana & Bravo-Benitez, Bernardo & Solórzano-Margain, Juan Pablo, 2014. "An empirical study of the Mexican banking system’s network and its implications for systemic risk," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 242-265.
    16. Caccioli, Fabio & Shrestha, Munik & Moore, Cristopher & Farmer, J. Doyne, 2014. "Stability analysis of financial contagion due to overlapping portfolios," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 233-245.
    17. Soramäki, Kimmo & Cook, Samantha, 2013. "SinkRank: An algorithm for identifying systemically important banks in payment systems," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 7, pages 1-27.
    18. Tiziano Squartini & Iman van Lelyveld & Diego Garlaschelli, 2013. "Early-warning signals of topological collapse in interbank networks," Papers 1302.2063, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2013.
    19. Éric Tymoigne, 2011. "Measuring Macroprudential Risk: Financial Fragility Indexes," Economics Working Paper Archive wp_654, Levy Economics Institute.
    20. Berndsen, Ron J. & León, Carlos & Renneboog, Luc, 2018. "Financial stability in networks of financial institutions and market infrastructures," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 120-135.
    21. Silva, Thiago Christiano & de Souza, Sergio Rubens Stancato & Tabak, Benjamin Miranda, 2016. "Network structure analysis of the Brazilian interbank market," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 130-152.
    22. Marco Bardoscia & Stefano Battiston & Fabio Caccioli & Guido Caldarelli, 2017. "Pathways towards instability in financial networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-7, April.
    23. Marco Bardoscia & Stefano Battiston & Fabio Caccioli & Guido Caldarelli, 2015. "DebtRank: A Microscopic Foundation for Shock Propagation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-13, June.
    24. Fabio Caccioli & Thomas A. Catanach & J. Doyne Farmer, 2012. "Heterogeneity, Correlations And Financial Contagion," Advances in Complex Systems (ACS), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 15(supp0), pages 1-15.
    25. Edson Bastos Santos & Rama Cont, 2010. "The Brazilian Interbank Network Structure and Systemic Risk," Working Papers Series 219, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    26. Fricke, Daniel & Lux, Thomas, 2012. "Core-periphery structure in the overnight money market: Evidence from the e-MID trading platform," Kiel Working Papers 1759, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    27. Batiz-Zuk, Enrique & López-Gallo, Fabrizio & Martínez-Jaramillo, Serafín & Solórzano-Margain, Juan Pablo, 2016. "Calibrating limits for large interbank exposures from a system-wide perspective," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 198-216.
    28. Bernardo Bravo-Benitez & Biliana Alexandrova-Kabadjova & Serafin Martinez-Jaramillo, 2016. "Centrality Measurement of the Mexican Large Value Payments System from the Perspective of Multiplex Networks," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 47(1), pages 19-47, January.
    29. Iori, Giulia & De Masi, Giulia & Precup, Ovidiu Vasile & Gabbi, Giampaolo & Caldarelli, Guido, 2008. "A network analysis of the Italian overnight money market," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 259-278, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Landaberry, Victoria & Caccioli, Fabio & Rodriguez-Martinez, Anahi & Baron, Andrea & Martinez-Jaramillo, Serafin & Lluberas, Rodrigo, 2021. "The contribution of the intra-firm exposures network to systemic risk," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 2(2).
    2. Yanquen, Eduardo & Livan, Giacomo & Montañez-Enriquez, Ricardo & Martinez-Jaramillo, Serafin, 2022. "Measuring systemic risk for bank credit networks: A multilayer approach," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 3(2).
    3. Téllez-León, Isela-Elizabeth & Martínez-Jaramillo, Serafín & O. L. Escobar-Farfán, Luis & Hochreiter, Ronald, 2021. "How are network centrality metrics related to interest rates in the Mexican secured and unsecured interbank markets?," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    4. Elosegui, Pedro & Forte, Federico D. & Montes-Rojas, Gabriel, 2022. "Network structure and fragmentation of the Argentinean interbank markets," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 3(3).
    5. Cuba, Walter & Rodriguez-Martinez, Anahi & Chavez, Diego A. & Caccioli, Fabio & Martinez-Jaramillo, Serafin, 2021. "A network characterization of the interbank exposures in Peru," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 2(3).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Marco Bardoscia & Paolo Barucca & Stefano Battiston & Fabio Caccioli & Giulio Cimini & Diego Garlaschelli & Fabio Saracco & Tiziano Squartini & Guido Caldarelli, 2021. "The Physics of Financial Networks," Papers 2103.05623, arXiv.org.
    2. Fabio Caccioli & Paolo Barucca & Teruyoshi Kobayashi, 2018. "Network models of financial systemic risk: a review," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 81-114, January.
    3. Sadamori Kojaku & Giulio Cimini & Guido Caldarelli & Naoki Masuda, 2018. "Structural changes in the interbank market across the financial crisis from multiple core-periphery analysis," Papers 1802.05139, arXiv.org.
    4. Adão, Luiz F.S. & Silveira, Douglas & Ely, Regis A. & Cajueiro, Daniel O., 2022. "The impacts of interest rates on banks’ loan portfolio risk-taking," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    5. León, C., 2015. "Financial stability from a network perspective," Other publications TiSEM bb2e4e44-e842-45c6-a946-4, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    6. Cuba, Walter & Rodriguez-Martinez, Anahi & Chavez, Diego A. & Caccioli, Fabio & Martinez-Jaramillo, Serafin, 2021. "A network characterization of the interbank exposures in Peru," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    7. Yanquen, Eduardo & Livan, Giacomo & Montañez-Enriquez, Ricardo & Martinez-Jaramillo, Serafin, 2022. "Measuring systemic risk for bank credit networks: A multilayer approach," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 3(2).
    8. Brandi, Giuseppe & Di Clemente, Riccardo & Cimini, Giulio, 2018. "Epidemics of liquidity shortages in interbank markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 507(C), pages 255-267.
    9. Wiersema, Garbrand & Kleinnijenhuis, Alissa M. & Wetzer, Thom & Farmer, J. Doyne, 2023. "Scenario-free analysis of financial stability with interacting contagion channels," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    10. Temizsoy, Asena & Iori, Giulia & Montes-Rojas, Gabriel, 2017. "Network centrality and funding rates in the e-MID interbank market," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 346-365.
    11. Daniel Grigat & Fabio Caccioli, 2017. "Reverse stress testing interbank networks," Papers 1702.08744, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2017.
    12. Poledna, Sebastian & Martínez-Jaramillo, Serafín & Caccioli, Fabio & Thurner, Stefan, 2021. "Quantification of systemic risk from overlapping portfolios in the financial system," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    13. Berndsen, Ron J. & León, Carlos & Renneboog, Luc, 2018. "Financial stability in networks of financial institutions and market infrastructures," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 120-135.
    14. Paul Glasserman & Peyton Young, 2015. "Contagion in Financial Networks," Economics Series Working Papers 764, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    15. Morteza Alaeddini & Philippe Madiès & Paul J. Reaidy & Julie Dugdale, 2023. "Interbank money market concerns and actors’ strategies—A systematic review of 21st century literature," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 573-654, April.
    16. Iori, Giulia & Mantegna, Rosario N. & Marotta, Luca & Miccichè, Salvatore & Porter, James & Tumminello, Michele, 2015. "Networked relationships in the e-MID interbank market: A trading model with memory," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 98-116.
    17. León, Carlos & Machado, Clara & Sarmiento, Miguel, 2018. "Identifying central bank liquidity super-spreaders in interbank funds networks," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 75-92.
    18. Andre R. Neveu, 2018. "A survey of network-based analysis and systemic risk measurement," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 13(2), pages 241-281, July.
    19. Maria Rosa Borges & Lauriano Ulica & Mariya Gubareva, 2020. "Systemic risk in the Angolan interbank payment system – a network approach," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(45), pages 4900-4912, September.
    20. Carlos León & Constanza Martínez-Ventura & Freddy Cepeda-López, 2019. "Short-Term Liquidity Contagion in the Interbank Market," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, vol. 38(76), pages 51-80, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:lajcba:v:1:y:2020:i:1:s2666143820300156. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/latin-american-journal-of-central-banking .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.