IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v80y2025ics1544612325006397.html

Sino-American relations and gold market volatility

Author

Listed:
  • Wu, Bangzheng

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of Sino-American tensions, as captured by the U.S.‒China Tension (UCT) index, on international gold price volatility. Bivariate GARCH-MIDAS-UCT models were employed in this study, and the findings reveal that UCT significantly amplifies gold price volatility, surpassing the effects of traditional indicators such as economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk. Moreover, global uncertainty indices exert a stronger influence on gold volatility than do domestic factors. The model's out-of-sample predictive performance further validates the robustness of the use of the UCT in forecasting gold price volatility. These findings highlight the critical role of Sino-American tensions in predicting gold market volatility, providing valuable insights for investors in managing risk amidst geopolitical instability.

Suggested Citation

  • Wu, Bangzheng, 2025. "Sino-American relations and gold market volatility," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:80:y:2025:i:c:s1544612325006397
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2025.107379
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612325006397
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2025.107379?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dario Caldara & Matteo Iacoviello, 2022. "Measuring Geopolitical Risk," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 112(4), pages 1194-1225, April.
    2. Clark, Todd E. & West, Kenneth D., 2006. "Using out-of-sample mean squared prediction errors to test the martingale difference hypothesis," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 135(1-2), pages 155-186.
    3. Degiannakis, Stavros & Filis, George, 2017. "Forecasting oil price realized volatility using information channels from other asset classes," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 28-49.
    4. Robert F. Engle & Eric Ghysels & Bumjean Sohn, 2013. "Stock Market Volatility and Macroeconomic Fundamentals," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 95(3), pages 776-797, July.
    5. Laura Alfaro & Davin Chor, 2023. "Global Supply Chains: The Looming “Great Reallocation”," NBER Working Papers 31661, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Gkillas, Konstantinos & Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian, 2020. "Forecasting realized gold volatility: Is there a role of geopolitical risks?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    7. Liang, Chao & Goodell, John W. & Li, Xiafei, 2024. "Impacts of carbon market and climate policy uncertainties on financial and economic stability: Evidence from connectedness network analysis," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    8. Peter Reinhard Hansen & Asger Lunde & James M. Nason, 2003. "Choosing the Best Volatility Models: The Model Confidence Set Approach," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 65(s1), pages 839-861, December.
    9. John Y. Campbell & Samuel B. Thompson, 2008. "Predicting Excess Stock Returns Out of Sample: Can Anything Beat the Historical Average?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(4), pages 1509-1531, July.
    10. Peng, Lijuan & Pan, Zhigang & Liang, Chao & Umar, Muhammad, 2023. "Exchange rate volatility predictability: A new insight from climate policy uncertainty," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 688-700.
    11. Freund, Caroline & Mattoo, Aaditya & Mulabdic, Alen & Ruta, Michele, 2024. "Is US trade policy reshaping global supply chains?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    12. Scott R. Baker & Nicholas Bloom & Steven J. Davis, 2016. "Measuring Economic Policy Uncertainty," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 131(4), pages 1593-1636.
    13. Liang, Chao & Wang, Lu & Duong, Duy, 2024. "More attention and better volatility forecast accuracy: How does war attention affect stock volatility predictability?," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 218(C), pages 1-19.
    14. Bilgin, Mehmet Huseyin & Gozgor, Giray & Lau, Chi Keung Marco & Sheng, Xin, 2018. "The effects of uncertainty measures on the price of gold," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1-7.
    15. Feng Ma & Xinjie Lu & Lu Wang & Julien Chevallier, 2021. "Global economic policy uncertainty and gold futures market volatility: Evidence from Markov regime‐switching GARCH‐MIDAS models," Post-Print halshs-04250272, HAL.
    16. Haonan Zhou & Chao Liang, 2025. "Geopolitical risk and gold price bubbles," Review of Accounting and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 24(3), pages 353-374, March.
    17. Feng Ma & Xinjie Lu & Lu Wang & Julien Chevallier, 2021. "Global economic policy uncertainty and gold futures market volatility: Evidence from Markov regime‐switching GARCH‐MIDAS models," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(6), pages 1070-1085, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Peng, Lijuan & Liang, Chao & Yang, Baoying & Wang, Lu, 2024. "Crude oil volatility forecasting: Insights from a novel time-varying parameter GARCH-MIDAS model," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    2. Chao Liang & Yaojie Zhang & Xiafei Li & Feng Ma, 2022. "Which predictor is more predictive for Bitcoin volatility? And why?," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(2), pages 1947-1961, April.
    3. Nonejad, Nima, 2022. "Predicting equity premium out-of-sample by conditioning on newspaper-based uncertainty measures: A comparative study," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    4. Gong, Xu & Xu, Jun, 2022. "Geopolitical risk and dynamic connectedness between commodity markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    5. Wei, Yu & Wang, Yizhi & Lucey, Brian M. & Vigne, Samuel A., 2023. "Cryptocurrency uncertainty and volatility forecasting of precious metal futures markets," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 29(C).
    6. Tong Fang & Deyu Miao & Zhi Su & Libo Yin, 2023. "Uncertainty‐driven oil volatility risk premium and international stock market volatility forecasting," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(4), pages 872-904, July.
    7. Wang, Lu & Wu, Jiangbin & Cao, Yang & Hong, Yanran, 2022. "Forecasting renewable energy stock volatility using short and long-term Markov switching GARCH-MIDAS models: Either, neither or both?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    8. Qiuying Cheng & Xinyu Wang & Song Shi & Zhuqing Wang, 2025. "Heterogeneous impacts of fundamentals on gold market risk using regime switching quantile-based GARCH-MIDAS model," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 69(3), pages 1411-1465, September.
    9. Nonejad, Nima, 2023. "Conditional out-of-sample predictability of aggregate equity returns and aggregate equity return volatility using economic variables," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 91-122.
    10. Zhang, Jixiang & Zeng, Qing & Bouri, Elie & Gozgor, Giray, 2025. "Newly-constructed Chinese geopolitical risk index and trade stock returns," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    11. Yao, Yinhong & Chen, Xiuwen & Chen, Zhensong, 2025. "Portfolio tail risk forecasting for international financial assets: A GARCH-MIDAS-R-Vine copula model," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    12. Liu, Yang & Han, Liyan & Xu, Yang, 2021. "The impact of geopolitical uncertainty on energy volatility," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    13. Yang, Jianlei & Yang, Chunpeng, 2021. "The impact of mixed-frequency geopolitical risk on stock market returns," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 226-240.
    14. Xue Gong & Weiguo Zhang & Yuan Zhao & Xin Ye, 2023. "Forecasting stock volatility with a large set of predictors: A new forecast combination method," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(7), pages 1622-1647, November.
    15. Afees A. Salisu & Rangan Gupta & Ahamuefula E. Ogbonna, 2022. "A moving average heterogeneous autoregressive model for forecasting the realized volatility of the US stock market: Evidence from over a century of data," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 384-400, January.
    16. Wen, Danyan & He, Mengxi & Wang, Yudong & Zhang, Yaojie, 2024. "Forecasting crude oil market volatility: A comprehensive look at uncertainty variables," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 40(3), pages 1022-1041.
    17. Foglia, Matteo & Palomba, Giulio & Tedeschi, Marco, 2023. "Disentangling the geopolitical risk and its effects on commodities. Evidence from a panel of G8 countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PB).
    18. Xiafei Li & Yu Wei & Xiaodan Chen & Feng Ma & Chao Liang & Wang Chen, 2022. "Which uncertainty is powerful to forecast crude oil market volatility? New evidence," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(4), pages 4279-4297, October.
    19. Li Zhang & Lu Wang & Yu Ji & Zhigang Pan, 2025. "Forecasting Gold Volatility in an Uncertain Environment: The Roles of Large and Small Shock Sizes," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(4), pages 1478-1500, July.
    20. Luo, Jiawen & Demirer, Riza & Gupta, Rangan & Ji, Qiang, 2022. "Forecasting oil and gold volatilities with sentiment indicators under structural breaks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:80:y:2025:i:c:s1544612325006397. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.