IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v174y2019icp664-677.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Experimental investigation on the effect of working fluid charge in a small-scale Organic Rankine Cycle under off-design conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Liuchen
  • Zhu, Tong
  • Wang, Tiantian
  • Gao, Naiping

Abstract

Off-design performance evaluation is one of the major topics of ORC-related investigations. However, there is a lack of adequate research on the influence of working fluid charge on system off-design performances. This paper presents the experimental results of a 3 kWe ORC prototype. Effect of three different working fluid charge on system key operating parameters have been investigated. The performance of system with different charge levels were measured and compared. Moreover, the pump cavitation and system performance fluctuation were discussed. The results indicated that overcharging working fluid will slightly improve the output power of the expander and results in sharp decline of vapor superheat by high shaft torque. The highest power output of the expander was obtained by 40% pump stroke, and the calculated and measured values were 2.79 kWe, and 2.28 kWe, respectively. Furthermore, the isentropic efficiency of the pump can be also improved by overcharging working fluid. However, such improvement was more obvious with smaller pump stroke. Meanwhile, undercharging working fluid will lead to insufficient liquid level in condenser, and pump cavitation has been detected. Therefore, plenty amount of working fluid charge is necessary to maintain a certain liquid level in the condenser and to avoid pump cavitation.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Liuchen & Zhu, Tong & Wang, Tiantian & Gao, Naiping, 2019. "Experimental investigation on the effect of working fluid charge in a small-scale Organic Rankine Cycle under off-design conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 664-677.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:174:y:2019:i:c:p:664-677
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.03.013
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544219304177
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2019.03.013?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dickes, Rémi & Dumont, Olivier & Guillaume, Ludovic & Quoilin, Sylvain & Lemort, Vincent, 2018. "Charge-sensitive modelling of organic Rankine cycle power systems for off-design performance simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1262-1281.
    2. Mazzi, N. & Rech, S. & Lazzaretto, A., 2015. "Off-design dynamic model of a real Organic Rankine Cycle system fuelled by exhaust gases from industrial processes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P1), pages 537-551.
    3. Ni, Jiaxin & Zhao, Li & Zhang, Zhengtao & Zhang, Ying & Zhang, Jianyuan & Deng, Shuai & Ma, Minglu, 2018. "Dynamic performance investigation of organic Rankine cycle driven by solar energy under cloudy condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 122-141.
    4. Gao, P. & Wang, L.W. & Wang, R.Z. & Jiang, L. & Zhou, Z.S., 2015. "Experimental investigation on a small pumpless ORC (organic rankine cycle) system driven by the low temperature heat source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 324-333.
    5. Forman, Clemens & Muritala, Ibrahim Kolawole & Pardemann, Robert & Meyer, Bernd, 2016. "Estimating the global waste heat potential," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1568-1579.
    6. Li, Ming-Jia & Song, Chen-Xi & Tao, Wen-Quan, 2016. "A hybrid model for explaining the short-term dynamics of energy efficiency of China’s thermal power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 738-747.
    7. Zhou, Naijun & Wang, Xiaoyuan & Chen, Zhuo & Wang, Zhiqi, 2013. "Experimental study on Organic Rankine Cycle for waste heat recovery from low-temperature flue gas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 216-225.
    8. Jung, Hyung-Chul & Taylor, Leighton & Krumdieck, Susan, 2015. "An experimental and modelling study of a 1 kW organic Rankine cycle unit with mixture working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 601-614.
    9. Eyerer, Sebastian & Wieland, Christoph & Vandersickel, Annelies & Spliethoff, Hartmut, 2016. "Experimental study of an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) and analysis of R1233zd-E as a drop-in replacement for R245fa for low temperature heat utilization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 660-671.
    10. Davide Ziviani & Brandon J. Woodland & Emeline Georges & Eckhard A. Groll & James E. Braun & W. Travis Horton & Martijn Van den Broek & Michel De Paepe, 2016. "Development and a Validation of a Charge Sensitive Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Simulation Tool," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-36, May.
    11. Kosmadakis, George & Landelle, Arnaud & Lazova, Marija & Manolakos, Dimitris & Kaya, Alihan & Huisseune, Henk & Karavas, Christos-Spyridon & Tauveron, Nicolas & Revellin, Remi & Haberschill, Philippe , 2016. "Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(P1), pages 222-236.
    12. Feng, Yong-qiang & Hung, Tzu-Chen & Su, Ting-Ying & Wang, Shuang & Wang, Qian & Yang, Shih-Cheng & Lin, Jaw-Ren & Lin, Chih-Hung, 2017. "Experimental investigation of a R245fa-based organic Rankine cycle adapting two operation strategies: Stand alone and grid connect," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1239-1253.
    13. Wang, Huarong & Xu, Jinliang & Yang, Xufei & Miao, Zheng & Yu, Chao, 2015. "Organic Rankine cycle saves energy and reduces gas emissions for cement production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 59-73.
    14. Jradi, M. & Riffat, S., 2014. "Experimental investigation of a biomass-fuelled micro-scale tri-generation system with an organic Rankine cycle and liquid desiccant cooling unit," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 80-93.
    15. Ntavou, Erika & Kosmadakis, George & Manolakos, Dimitris & Papadakis, George & Papantonis, Dimitris, 2017. "Experimental testing of a small-scale two stage Organic Rankine Cycle engine operating at low temperature," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 869-879.
    16. Li, Ming-Jia & Tao, Wen-Quan, 2017. "Review of methodologies and polices for evaluation of energy efficiency in high energy-consuming industry," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 203-215.
    17. Bracco, Roberto & Clemente, Stefano & Micheli, Diego & Reini, Mauro, 2013. "Experimental tests and modelization of a domestic-scale ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 107-116.
    18. Li, You-Rong & Du, Mei-Tang & Wu, Chun-Mei & Wu, Shuang-Ying & Liu, Chao & Xu, Jin-Liang, 2014. "Economical evaluation and optimization of subcritical organic Rankine cycle based on temperature matching analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 238-247.
    19. Liu, Peng & Shu, Gequn & Tian, Hua & Wang, Xuan & Yu, Zhigang, 2018. "Alkanes based two-stage expansion with interheating Organic Rankine cycle for multi-waste heat recovery of truck diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 337-350.
    20. Dickes, Rémi & Dumont, Olivier & Daccord, Rémi & Quoilin, Sylvain & Lemort, Vincent, 2017. "Modelling of organic Rankine cycle power systems in off-design conditions: An experimentally-validated comparative study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 710-727.
    21. Lecompte, Steven & Huisseune, Henk & van den Broek, Martijn & Vanslambrouck, Bruno & De Paepe, Michel, 2015. "Review of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) architectures for waste heat recovery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 448-461.
    22. Galloni, E. & Fontana, G. & Staccone, S., 2015. "Design and experimental analysis of a mini ORC (organic Rankine cycle) power plant based on R245fa working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P1), pages 768-775.
    23. Peris, Bernardo & Navarro-Esbrí, Joaquín & Molés, Francisco & Mota-Babiloni, Adrián, 2015. "Experimental study of an ORC (organic Rankine cycle) for low grade waste heat recovery in a ceramic industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 534-542.
    24. Pang, Kuo-Cheng & Chen, Shih-Chi & Hung, Tzu-Chen & Feng, Yong-Qiang & Yang, Shih-Cheng & Wong, Kin-Wah & Lin, Jaw-Ren, 2017. "Experimental study on organic Rankine cycle utilizing R245fa, R123 and their mixtures to investigate the maximum power generation from low-grade heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 636-651.
    25. Manolakos, D. & Kosmadakis, G. & Kyritsis, S. & Papadakis, G., 2009. "Identification of behaviour and evaluation of performance of small scale, low-temperature Organic Rankine Cycle system coupled with a RO desalination unit," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 767-774.
    26. Feng, Yongqiang & Zhang, Yaning & Li, Bingxi & Yang, Jinfu & Shi, Yang, 2015. "Sensitivity analysis and thermoeconomic comparison of ORCs (organic Rankine cycles) for low temperature waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 664-677.
    27. Kim, Dong Kyu & Lee, Ji Sung & Kim, Jinwoo & Kim, Mo Se & Kim, Min Soo, 2017. "Parametric study and performance evaluation of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system using low-grade heat at temperatures below 80°C," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 55-65.
    28. Imran, Muhammad & Usman, Muhammad & Park, Byung-Sik & Yang, Youngmin, 2016. "Comparative assessment of Organic Rankine Cycle integration for low temperature geothermal heat source applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 473-490.
    29. Zhai, Huixing & An, Qingsong & Shi, Lin & Lemort, Vincent & Quoilin, Sylvain, 2016. "Categorization and analysis of heat sources for organic Rankine cycle systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 790-805.
    30. Yang, Xufei & Xu, Jinliang & Miao, Zheng & Zou, Jinghuang & Yu, Chao, 2015. "Operation of an organic Rankine cycle dependent on pumping flow rates and expander torques," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P1), pages 864-878.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jin, Yunli & Gao, Naiping & Zhu, Tong, 2022. "Effect of resistive load characteristics on the performance of Organic Rankine cycle (ORC)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    2. Carraro, Gianluca & Bori, Viola & Lazzaretto, Andrea & Toniato, Giuseppe & Danieli, Piero, 2020. "Experimental investigation of an innovative biomass-fired micro-ORC system for cogeneration applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 1226-1243.
    3. Xin Wang & Yong-qiang Feng & Tzu-Chen Hung & Zhi-xia He & Chih-Hung Lin & Muhammad Sultan, 2020. "Investigating the System Behaviors of a 10 kW Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Prototype Using Plunger Pump and Centrifugal Pump," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-18, March.
    4. Zhang, Tao & Ma, Junhua & Zhou, Yanglin & Wang, Yongzhen & Chen, Qifang & Li, Xiaoping & Liu, Liuchen, 2021. "Thermo-economic analysis and optimization of ICE-ORC systems based on a splitter regulation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    5. Oh, Jinwoo & Jeong, Hoyoung & Lee, Hoseong, 2021. "Experimental and numerical analysis on low-temperature off-design organic Rankine cycle in perspective of mass conservation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    6. Wang, Z.X. & Du, S. & Wang, L.W. & Chen, X., 2020. "Parameter analysis of an ammonia-water power cycle with a gravity assisted thermal driven “pump” for low-grade heat recovery," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 651-661.
    7. Fabio Fatigati & Marco Di Bartolomeo & Davide Di Battista & Roberto Cipollone, 2019. "Experimental and Numerical Characterization of the Sliding Rotary Vane Expander Intake Pressure in Order to Develop a Novel Control-Diagnostic Procedure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Landelle, Arnaud & Tauveron, Nicolas & Haberschill, Philippe & Revellin, Rémi & Colasson, Stéphane, 2017. "Organic Rankine cycle design and performance comparison based on experimental database," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 1172-1187.
    2. Feng, Yong-qiang & Hung, Tzu-Chen & Su, Ting-Ying & Wang, Shuang & Wang, Qian & Yang, Shih-Cheng & Lin, Jaw-Ren & Lin, Chih-Hung, 2017. "Experimental investigation of a R245fa-based organic Rankine cycle adapting two operation strategies: Stand alone and grid connect," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1239-1253.
    3. Wang, Z.X. & Du, S. & Wang, L.W. & Chen, X., 2020. "Parameter analysis of an ammonia-water power cycle with a gravity assisted thermal driven “pump” for low-grade heat recovery," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 651-661.
    4. Imran, Muhammad & Usman, Muhammad & Park, Byung-Sik & Lee, Dong-Hyun, 2016. "Volumetric expanders for low grade heat and waste heat recovery applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1090-1109.
    5. Bamorovat Abadi, Gholamreza & Kim, Kyung Chun, 2017. "Investigation of organic Rankine cycles with zeotropic mixtures as a working fluid: Advantages and issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1000-1013.
    6. Ziviani, D. & Gusev, S. & Lecompte, S. & Groll, E.A. & Braun, J.E. & Horton, W.T. & van den Broek, M. & De Paepe, M., 2017. "Optimizing the performance of small-scale organic Rankine cycle that utilizes a single-screw expander," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 416-432.
    7. Imran, Muhammad & Pili, Roberto & Usman, Muhammad & Haglind, Fredrik, 2020. "Dynamic modeling and control strategies of organic Rankine cycle systems: Methods and challenges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    8. Song, Panpan & Wei, Mingshan & Zhang, Yangjun & Sun, Liwei & Emhardt, Simon & Zhuge, Weilin, 2018. "The impact of a bilateral symmetric discharge structure on the performance of a scroll expander for ORC power generation system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 458-470.
    9. Carraro, Gianluca & Bori, Viola & Lazzaretto, Andrea & Toniato, Giuseppe & Danieli, Piero, 2020. "Experimental investigation of an innovative biomass-fired micro-ORC system for cogeneration applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 1226-1243.
    10. Cao, Shuang & Xu, Jinliang & Miao, Zheng & Liu, Xiulong & Zhang, Ming & Xie, Xuewang & Li, Zhi & Zhao, Xiaoli & Tang, Guihua, 2019. "Steady and transient operation of an organic Rankine cycle power system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 284-294.
    11. Xu, Weicong & Zhao, Ruikai & Deng, Shuai & Zhao, Li & Mao, Samuel S., 2021. "Is zeotropic working fluid a promising option for organic Rankine cycle: A quantitative evaluation based on literature data," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    12. Li, Jing & Gao, Guangtao & Li, Pengcheng & Pei, Gang & Huang, Hulin & Su, Yuehong & Ji, Jie, 2018. "Experimental study of organic Rankine cycle in the presence of non-condensable gases," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 739-753.
    13. Wang, Dabiao & Dai, Xiaoye & Wu, Zhihua & Zhao, Wu & Wang, Puwei & Hu, Busong & Shi, Lin, 2020. "Design and testing of a 340 kW Organic Rankine Cycle system for Low Pressure Saturated Steam heat source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    14. Zhang, Hong-Hu & Xi, Huan & He, Ya-Ling & Zhang, Yu-Wen & Ning, Bo, 2019. "Experimental study of the organic rankine cycle under different heat and cooling conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 678-688.
    15. Lecompte, Steven & Gusev, Sergei & Vanslambrouck, Bruno & De Paepe, Michel, 2018. "Experimental results of a small-scale organic Rankine cycle: Steady state identification and application to off-design model validation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 82-106.
    16. Kang, Seok Hun, 2016. "Design and preliminary tests of ORC (organic Rankine cycle) with two-stage radial turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 142-154.
    17. Yamada, Noboru & Tominaga, Yoshihito & Yoshida, Takanori, 2014. "Demonstration of 10-Wp micro organic Rankine cycle generator for low-grade heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 806-813.
    18. Xi, Huan & Zhang, Honghu & He, Ya-Ling & Huang, Zuohua, 2019. "Sensitivity analysis of operation parameters on the system performance of organic rankine cycle system using orthogonal experiment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 435-442.
    19. Imran, Muhammad & Haglind, Fredrik & Asim, Muhammad & Zeb Alvi, Jahan, 2018. "Recent research trends in organic Rankine cycle technology: A bibliometric approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 552-562.
    20. Liu, Jian & Xu, Yantao & Zhang, Yaning & Shuai, Yong & Li, Bingxi, 2022. "Multi-objective optimization of low temperature cooling water organic Rankine cycle using dual pinch point temperature difference technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:174:y:2019:i:c:p:664-677. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.