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The electric vehicles as a mean to reduce CO2 emissions and energy costs in isolated regions. The São Miguel (Azores) case study

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  • Camus, Cristina
  • Farias, Tiago

Abstract

Most of small islands around the world today, are dependent on imported fossil fuels for the majority of their energy needs especially for transport activities and electricity production. The use of locally renewable energy resources and the implementation of energy efficiency measures could make a significant contribution to their economic development by reducing fossil fuel imports. An electrification of vehicles has been suggested as a way to both reduce pollutant emissions and increase security of supply of the transportation sector by reducing the dependence on oil products imports and facilitate the accommodation of renewable electricity generation, such as wind and, in the case of volcanic islands like São Miguel (Azores) of the geothermal energy whose penetration has been limited by the valley electricity consumption level. In this research, three scenarios of EV penetration were studied and it was verified that, for a 15% LD fleet replacement by EVs with 90% of all energy needs occurring during the night, the accommodation of 10MW of new geothermal capacity becomes viable. Under this scenario, reductions of 8% in electricity costs, 14% in energy, 23% in fossil fuels use and CO2 emissions for the transportation and electricity production sectors could be expected.

Suggested Citation

  • Camus, Cristina & Farias, Tiago, 2012. "The electric vehicles as a mean to reduce CO2 emissions and energy costs in isolated regions. The São Miguel (Azores) case study," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 153-165.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:43:y:2012:i:c:p:153-165
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.12.046
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Camus, C. & Farias, T. & Esteves, J., 2011. "Potential impacts assessment of plug-in electric vehicles on the Portuguese energy market," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(10), pages 5883-5897, October.
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    1. Alfredo Ramírez Díaz & Francisco J. Ramos-Real & Gustavo A. Marrero & Yannick Perez, 2015. "Impact of Electric Vehicles as Distributed Energy Storage in Isolated Systems: The Case of Tenerife," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-27, November.
    2. Gustavo A. Marrero & Yannick Perez & Marc Petit & Francisco Javier Ramos-Real, 2015. "Electric vehicle fleet contributions for isolated systems. The case of the Canary Islands," International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 15(2), pages 171-193.
    3. Christos S. Ioakimidis & Konstantinos N. Genikomsakis, 2018. "Integration of Seawater Pumped-Storage in the Energy System of the Island of São Miguel (Azores)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-14, September.
    4. Erdinc, Ozan & Paterakis, Nikolaos G. & Catalão, João P.S., 2015. "Overview of insular power systems under increasing penetration of renewable energy sources: Opportunities and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 333-346.
    5. Pina, André & Baptista, Patrícia & Silva, Carlos & Ferrão, Paulo, 2014. "Energy reduction potential from the shift to electric vehicles: The Flores island case study," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 37-47.
    6. Calise, F. & Di Fraia, S. & Macaluso, A. & Massarotti, N. & Vanoli, L., 2018. "A geothermal energy system for wastewater sludge drying and electricity production in a small island," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 130-143.
    7. Kuang, Yonghong & Zhang, Yongjun & Zhou, Bin & Li, Canbing & Cao, Yijia & Li, Lijuan & Zeng, Long, 2016. "A review of renewable energy utilization in islands," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 504-513.
    8. Antonio Colmenar-Santos & Carlos De Palacio & David Borge-Diez & Oscar Monzón-Alejandro, 2014. "Planning Minimum Interurban Fast Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles: Methodology and Application to Spain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-23, February.
    9. Enea Mele & Anastasios Natsis & Aphrodite Ktena & Christos Manasis & Nicholas Assimakis, 2021. "Electromobility and Flexibility Management on a Non-Interconnected Island," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-20, March.
    10. Henning Meschede & Paul Bertheau & Siavash Khalili & Christian Breyer, 2022. "A review of 100% renewable energy scenarios on islands," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(6), November.
    11. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Wang, Chih-Wei & Ho, Shan-Ju & Wu, Ting-Pin, 2021. "The impact of natural disaster on energy consumption: International evidence," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).

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