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Composition of greenhouse gas emissions in Spain: An input-output analysis

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  • Butnar, Isabela
  • Llop, Maria

Abstract

Extending the traditional input-output model to account for the environmental impacts of production processes reveals the channels by which environmental burdens are transmitted throughout the economy. In particular, the environmental input-output approach is a useful technique for quantifying the changes in the levels of greenhouse emissions caused by changes in the final demand for production activities. The inputoutput model can also be used to determine the changes in the relative composition of greenhouse gas emissions due to exogenous inflows. In this paper we describe a method for evaluating how the exogenous changes in sectorial demand, such as changes in private consumption, public consumption, investment and exports, affect the relative contribution of the six major greenhouse gases regulated by the Kyoto Protocol to total greenhouse emissions. The empirical application is for Spain, and the economic and environmental data are for the year 2000. Our results show that there are significant differences in the effects of different sectors on the composition of greenhouse emissions. Therefore, the final impact on the relative contribution of pollutants will basically depend on the activity that receives the exogenous shock in final demand, because there are considerable differences in the way, and the extent to which, individual activities affect the relative composition of greenhouse gas emissions. Keywords: Greenhouse emissions, composition of emissions, sectorial demand, exogenous shock.
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Suggested Citation

  • Butnar, Isabela & Llop, Maria, 2007. "Composition of greenhouse gas emissions in Spain: An input-output analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(2-3), pages 388-395, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:61:y:2007:i:2-3:p:388-395
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    Cited by:

    1. Guangyao Deng & Liujuan Wang & Yanan Song, 2015. "Effect of Variation of Water-Use Efficiency on Structure of Virtual Water Trade - Analysis Based on Input–Output Model," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(8), pages 2947-2965, June.
    2. Thomas Grebel, 2019. "What a difference carbon leakage correction makes!," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 29(3), pages 939-971, July.
    3. Sergio Soza-Amigo & Jean Pierre Doussoulin, 2024. "Structural Changes in Chile’s Industries to Reduce Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Emissions: An Emissions Multiplier Product Matrix Analysis (eMPM)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Llop, Maria & Ponce-Alifonso, Xavier, 2015. "Identifying the role of final consumption in structural path analysis: An application to water uses," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 203-210.
    5. Cansino, J.M. & Cardenete, M.A. & Ordóñez, M. & Román, R., 2012. "Economic analysis of greenhouse gas emissions in the Spanish economy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 6032-6039.
    6. Kronenberg, Tobias, 2009. "The impact of demographic change on energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in Germany," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 2637-2645, August.
    7. Tarancon, Miguel Angel & Del Río, Pablo, 2012. "Assessing energy-related CO2 emissions with sensitivity analysis and input-output techniques," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 161-170.
    8. San Cristóbal, José Ramón, 2012. "A goal programming model for environmental policy analysis: Application to Spain," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 303-307.
    9. Carmen RAMOS-CARVAJAL & Blanca MORENO-CUARTAS, 2013. "Characterization of Spanish economic sectors from an economic and environmental perspective:Evolution and forecast of greenhouse gas emissions," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 13(2), pages 117-134.
    10. Tarancón, Miguel Angel & del Río, Pablo & Callejas Albiñana, Fernando, 2010. "Assessing the influence of manufacturing sectors on electricity demand. A cross-country input-output approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 1900-1908, April.
    11. Cortés-Borda, D. & Ruiz-Hernández, A. & Guillén-Gosálbez, G. & Llop, M. & Guimerà, R. & Sales-Pardo, M., 2015. "Identifying strategies for mitigating the global warming impact of the EU-25 economy using a multi-objective input–output approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 21-30.
    12. Gallo, Mariano, 2011. "A fuel surcharge policy for reducing road traffic greenhouse gas emissions," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 413-424, March.
    13. Kronenberg, Tobias, 2010. "Dematerialisation of consumption: a win-win strategy?," MPRA Paper 25704, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Alcántara, Vicent & Padilla, Emilio, 2009. "Input-output subsystems and pollution: An application to the service sector and CO2 emissions in Spain," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 905-914, January.
    15. Darío Serrano-Puente, 2021. "Are we moving towards an energy-efficient low-carbon economy? An input-output LMDI decomposition of CO2 emissions for Spain and the EU28," Working Papers 2104, Banco de España.
    16. Xiaoqian Liu & Javier Cifuentes‐Faura & Wenming Shi & Chunhui Tian, 2025. "Exploring the Carbon Emission Transfers Pathway to Address the Issue of Sustainable Development: A Multi‐Regional Input–Output Perspective," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(4), pages 5676-5703, August.
    17. Darío Serrano-Puente, 2021. "Are we moving toward an energy-efficient low-carbon economy? An input–output LMDI decomposition of CO $$_{2}$$ 2 emissions for Spain and the EU28," SERIEs: Journal of the Spanish Economic Association, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 12(2), pages 151-229, June.
    18. Llop, Maria, 2013. "Water reallocation in the input–output model," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 21-27.
    19. Sergio Soza-Amigo & Jean Pierre Doussoulin, 2024. "Regional Economic Development, Climate Change, and Work Force in a Gender Perspective in Chile: Insights from the Input–Output Matrix," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-22, October.
    20. Tarancón Morán, Miguel Ángel & del Ri­o, Pablo & Albiñana, Fernando Callejas, 2008. "Tracking the genealogy of CO2 emissions in the electricity sector: An intersectoral approach applied to the Spanish case," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 1915-1926, June.
    21. Valeria Di Cosmo & Marie Hyland, 2015. "Decomposing patterns of emission intensity in the EU and China: how much does trade matter?," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(12), pages 2176-2192, December.
    22. Lawrence D. LaPlue & Christopher A. Erickson, 2020. "Outsourcing, trade, technology, and greenhouse gas emissions," Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, Springer;Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - SEEPS, vol. 22(2), pages 217-245, April.

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