IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/agiwat/v240y2020ics0378377419314866.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Combined effects of recharge and hydrogeochemical conditions on nitrate in groundwater of a highland agricultural basin based on multiple environmental tracers

Author

Listed:
  • Kaown, Dugin
  • Koh, Dong-Chan
  • Yu, Hakyeong E.
  • Kim, Heejung
  • Yoon, Yoon-Yeol
  • Yum, Byoung-Woo
  • Lee, Kang-Kun

Abstract

δ18O, δD, 3H, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), and hydrogeochemical parameters were investigated to evaluate factors controlling nitrate levels in groundwater in an agricultural basin with steep topographic gradients. Groundwater is predominantly recharged from mountainous terrain toward the bottom of the basin. Cultivation of Chinese cabbage and radish as highland summer crops is widespread in the vegetable fields, supported by heavy application of chemical fertilizers. The nitrate concentration was low (0.02–6.8 mg/L as NO3-N) in rice paddies of the northern region and high (2.0–15.2 mg/L as NO3-N) in vegetable fields of the southeastern region. The δD and δ18O values of water samples ranged from −79.9 to −60.5‰ and from −10.6 to −7.7‰, respectively in the study area. Water stable isotopes showed that recharge occurs mainly from local precipitation, and evaporation signatures were observed in the rice paddies. The apparent groundwater ages determined from CFCs ranged from <20 to 54 years. Older and more mineralized groundwater was observed in the discharge zone of the downgradient area, while young groundwater was found in the recharge zone of the northern region, indicating greater vulnerability to contamination. Elevated nitrate concentrations (6.8–8.5 mg/L as NO3-N) in some old groundwater in the vegetable fields of the southeastern region may be due to binary mixing of old stagnant water and newly recharged water, as identified by comparing 3H and CFC-113 with CFC-12 levels. Groundwater in the rice paddies had lower nitrate concentration and higher concentrations of HCO3, Fe, and Mn, indicating denitrification under reducing conditions. Principal component analysis revealed four major processes controlling groundwater flow and chemistry: agricultural contamination under reducing conditions in the vegetable fields, occurrence of old groundwater under reducing conditions, and denitrification in the rice paddies. These results suggest that management of nitrate sources is needed to alleviate nitrate contamination, particularly in the vegetable fields of both upgradient and downgradient areas with fast infiltration, high fertilizer usage, and low natural attenuation of nitrate.

Suggested Citation

  • Kaown, Dugin & Koh, Dong-Chan & Yu, Hakyeong E. & Kim, Heejung & Yoon, Yoon-Yeol & Yum, Byoung-Woo & Lee, Kang-Kun, 2020. "Combined effects of recharge and hydrogeochemical conditions on nitrate in groundwater of a highland agricultural basin based on multiple environmental tracers," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:240:y:2020:i:c:s0378377419314866
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106327
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377419314866
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106327?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Thayalakumaran, Thabo & Bristow, Keith L. & Charlesworth, Philip B. & Fass, Thorsten, 2008. "Geochemical conditions in groundwater systems: Implications for the attenuation of agricultural nitrate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(2), pages 103-115, February.
    2. Jang, Sun Sook & Ahn, So Ra & Kim, Seong Joon, 2017. "Evaluation of executable best management practices in Haean highland agricultural catchment of South Korea using SWAT," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 180(PB), pages 224-234.
    3. Kroes, Joop & van Dam, Jos & Supit, Iwan & de Abelleyra, Diego & Verón, Santiago & de Wit, Allard & Boogaard, Hendrik & Angelini, Marcos & Damiano, Francisco & Groenendijk, Piet & Wesseling, Jan & Vel, 2019. "Agrohydrological analysis of groundwater recharge and land use changes in the Pampas of Argentina," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 843-857.
    4. Srivastava, Sunil Kumar, 2019. "Assessment of groundwater quality for the suitability of irrigation and its impacts on crop yields in the Guna district, India," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 224-241.
    5. Darwish, T. & Atallah, T. & Francis, R. & Saab, C. & Jomaa, I. & Shaaban, A. & Sakka, H. & Zdruli, P., 2011. "Observations on soil and groundwater contamination with nitrate: A case study from Lebanon-East Mediterranean," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 99(1), pages 74-84.
    6. Lauffenburger, Zachary H. & Gurdak, Jason J. & Hobza, Chris & Woodward, Duane & Wolf, Cassandra, 2018. "Irrigated agriculture and future climate change effects on groundwater recharge, northern High Plains aquifer, USA," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 69-80.
    7. Li, Baibing & Martin, Elaine B. & Morris, A. Julian, 2002. "On principal component analysis in L1," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 40(3), pages 471-474, September.
    8. Lentz, R.D. & Lehrsch, G.A., 2019. "Temporal changes in δ18O and δ15N of nitrate nitrogen and H2O in shallow groundwater: Transit time and nitrate-source implications for an irrigated tract in southern Idaho," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 126-135.
    9. Andrade, A.I.A.S.S. & Stigter, T.Y., 2009. "Multi-method assessment of nitrate and pesticide contamination in shallow alluvial groundwater as a function of hydrogeological setting and land use," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(12), pages 1751-1765, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chang-Seong Kim & Maimoona Raza & Jin-Yong Lee & Heejung Kim & Chanhyeok Jeon & Bora Kim & Jeong-Woo Kim & Rak-Hyeon Kim, 2020. "Factors Controlling the Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trend of Nationwide Groundwater Quality in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-18, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Juan Carlos Chávez & Felipe J. Fonseca & Manuel Gómez-Zaldívar, 2017. "Resoluciones de disputas comerciales y desempeño económico regional en México. (Commercial Disputes Resolution and Regional Economic Performance in Mexico)," Ensayos Revista de Economia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Economia, vol. 0(1), pages 79-93, May.
    2. Chen, Ray-Bing & Chen, Ying & Härdle, Wolfgang K., 2014. "TVICA—Time varying independent component analysis and its application to financial data," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 95-109.
    3. Yan Yu Chen & Chun-Cheih Chao & Fu-Chen Liu & Po-Chen Hsu & Hsueh-Fen Chen & Shih-Chi Peng & Yung-Jen Chuang & Chung-Yu Lan & Wen-Ping Hsieh & David Shan Hill Wong, 2013. "Dynamic Transcript Profiling of Candida albicans Infection in Zebrafish: A Pathogen-Host Interaction Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(9), pages 1-16, September.
    4. Plat, Richard, 2009. "Stochastic portfolio specific mortality and the quantification of mortality basis risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 123-132, August.
    5. Kondylis, Athanassios & Whittaker, Joe, 2008. "Spectral preconditioning of Krylov spaces: Combining PLS and PC regression," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 52(5), pages 2588-2603, January.
    6. Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2019. "Governance, capital flight and industrialisation in Africa," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 8(1), pages 1-22, December.
    7. M. J. Aziakpono & S. Kleimeier & H. Sander, 2012. "Banking market integration in the SADC countries: evidence from interest rate analyses," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(29), pages 3857-3876, October.
    8. Bianca Maria Colosimo & Luca Pagani & Marco Grasso, 2024. "Modeling spatial point processes in video-imaging via Ripley’s K-function: an application to spatter analysis in additive manufacturing," Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Springer, vol. 35(1), pages 429-447, January.
    9. Ouyang, Yaofu & Li, Peng, 2018. "On the nexus of financial development, economic growth, and energy consumption in China: New perspective from a GMM panel VAR approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 238-252.
    10. Fan, Cheng & Sun, Yongjun & Zhao, Yang & Song, Mengjie & Wang, Jiayuan, 2019. "Deep learning-based feature engineering methods for improved building energy prediction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 35-45.
    11. Ionela Munteanu & Adriana Grigorescu & Elena Condrea & Elena Pelinescu, 2020. "Convergent Insights for Sustainable Development and Ethical Cohesion: An Empirical Study on Corporate Governance in Romanian Public Entities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, April.
    12. Daniel Boss & Annick Hoffmann & Benjamin Rappaz & Christian Depeursinge & Pierre J Magistretti & Dimitri Van de Ville & Pierre Marquet, 2012. "Spatially-Resolved Eigenmode Decomposition of Red Blood Cells Membrane Fluctuations Questions the Role of ATP in Flickering," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(8), pages 1-10, August.
    13. Doukas, Haris & Papadopoulou, Alexandra & Savvakis, Nikolaos & Tsoutsos, Theocharis & Psarras, John, 2012. "Assessing energy sustainability of rural communities using Principal Component Analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 1949-1957.
    14. Paschalis Arvanitidis & Athina Economou & Christos Kollias, 2016. "Terrorism’s effects on social capital in European countries," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 169(3), pages 231-250, December.
    15. -, 2015. "The effects of climate change on the coasts of Latin America and the Caribbean: Climate variability, dynamics and trends," Documentos de Proyectos 39866, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    16. Dorota Toczydlowska & Gareth W. Peters & Man Chung Fung & Pavel V. Shevchenko, 2017. "Stochastic Period and Cohort Effect State-Space Mortality Models Incorporating Demographic Factors via Probabilistic Robust Principal Components," Risks, MDPI, vol. 5(3), pages 1-77, July.
    17. Weili Duan & Bin He & Daniel Nover & Guishan Yang & Wen Chen & Huifang Meng & Shan Zou & Chuanming Liu, 2016. "Water Quality Assessment and Pollution Source Identification of the Eastern Poyang Lake Basin Using Multivariate Statistical Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-15, January.
    18. Joanna Jasnos, 2021. "Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Geothermal Waters from Mesozoic Formations in the Basement of the Central Part of the Carpathian Foredeep and the Carpathians (Poland) Using Multivariate Statistica," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-31, July.
    19. Meierrieks, Daniel & Renner, Laura, 2021. "Islamist terrorism and the role of women," Discussion Paper Series 2021-02, University of Freiburg, Wilfried Guth Endowed Chair for Constitutional Political Economy and Competition Policy.
    20. Joy R. Petway & Yu-Pin Lin & Rainer F. Wunderlich, 2019. "Analyzing Opinions on Sustainable Agriculture: Toward Increasing Farmer Knowledge of Organic Practices in Taiwan-Yuanli Township," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-27, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:240:y:2020:i:c:s0378377419314866. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/agwat .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.