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Ist Blut dicker als Wasser? Wie die Familie den sozialen Aufstieg beeinflusst

Author

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  • Bühler Jonas

    (658310 Universität Luzern Universität Luzern Institut für Schweizer Wirtschaftspolitik (IWP) Obergrundstrasse 9 6003 Luzern Schweiz)

  • Erhardt Tamara

    (Universität Luzern Institut für Schweizer Wirtschaftspolitik (IWP) Obergrundstrasse 9 6003 Luzern Schweiz)

  • Häner-Müller Melanie

    (Universität Luzern Institut für Schweizer Wirtschaftspolitik (IWP) Obergrundstrasse 9 6003 Luzern Schweiz)

  • Schaltegger Christoph A.

    (Universität St. Gallen Institut für Schweizer Wirtschaftspolitik (IWP) Obergrundstrasse 9 6003 Luzern Schweiz)

Abstract

In diesem Artikel bieten Jonas Bühler, Tamara Erhardt, Melanie Häner-Müller und Christoph A. Schaltegger einen Überblick über den Stand der Forschung zu gesellschaftlichen Aufstiegschancen. Während traditionelle Ansätze hauptsächlich Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen betrachten, zeigt dieser Beitrag, dass sich der familiäre Einfluss umfassender messen lässt, wenn man den Blick auf die horizontalen Familienstrukturen richtet, also beispielsweise auf die Charakteristika von Geschwistern oder Cousins/Cousinen. Zudem ermöglicht dieser Ansatz eine detaillierte Untersuchung vieldiskutierter Persistenzfaktoren wie das elterliche Einkommen oder die Nationalität. Internationale Vergleiche verdeutlichen, dass familiäre Prägungen in den Vereinigten Staaten und Deutschland stärker wirken als in skandinavischen Ländern, während in der Schweiz eine bemerkenswert starke Einkommensmobilität vorherrscht. Darüber hinaus zeigt sich, dass in den untersuchten Ländern der familiäre Einfluss mit zunehmendem Verwandtschaftsgrad abnimmt, in horizontalen Analysen jedoch langsamer als in vertikalen. Abschließend belegen wir mit der Erweiterung der „Great-Gatsby-Kurve“, dass der Zusammenhang zwischen Ungleichheit und sozialer Mobilität auch dann bestehen bleibt, wenn man Letztere über Geschwisterähnlichkeiten statt Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen erfasst.

Suggested Citation

  • Bühler Jonas & Erhardt Tamara & Häner-Müller Melanie & Schaltegger Christoph A., 2025. "Ist Blut dicker als Wasser? Wie die Familie den sozialen Aufstieg beeinflusst," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, De Gruyter, vol. 26(1), pages 62-79.
  • Handle: RePEc:bpj:pewipo:v:26:y:2025:i:1:p:62-79:n:1006
    DOI: 10.1515/pwp-2025-0001
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    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion

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