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Estimating Intergenerational and Assortative Processes in Extended Family Data

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  • Collado, Dolores
  • Ortuño-Ortin, Ignacio
  • Stuhler, Jan

Abstract

We quantify intergenerational and assortative processes by comparing different degrees of kinship within the same generation. This “horizontal†approach yields more, and more distant kinship moments than traditional methods, which allows us to account for the transmission of latent advantages in a detailed intergenerational model. Using Swedish registers, we find strong persistence in the latent determinants of status, and a striking degree of sorting - to explain the similarity of distant kins, assortative matching must be much stronger than previously thought. Latent genetic influences explain little of the variance in educational attainment, and sorting occurs primarily in non-genetic factors.

Suggested Citation

  • Collado, Dolores & Ortuño-Ortin, Ignacio & Stuhler, Jan, 2022. "Estimating Intergenerational and Assortative Processes in Extended Family Data," CEPR Discussion Papers 17492, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:17492
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    2. Torsten Santavirta & Jan Stuhler, 2024. "Name-Based Estimators of Intergenerational Mobility," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 134(663), pages 2982-3016.
    3. Evelina T. Akimova & Tobias Wolfram & Xuejie Ding & Felix C. Tropf & Melinda C. Mills, 2025. "Polygenic prediction of occupational status GWAS elucidates genetic and environmental interplay in intergenerational transmission, careers and health in UK Biobank," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 9(2), pages 391-405, February.
    4. Ricard Grebol & Margarita Machelett & Jan Stuhler & Ernesto Villanueva, 2025. "Assortative Mating, Inequality, and Rising Educational Mobility in Spain," Papers 2512.22848, arXiv.org.
    5. Akimova, Evelina T. & Wolfram, Tobias & Ding, Xuejie & Tropf, Felix C. & Mills, Melinda C., 2025. "Polygenic prediction of occupational status GWAS elucidates genetic and environmental interplay in intergenerational transmission, careers and health in UK Biobank," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 9(Febuary), pages 391-405.
    6. Gregory Clark & Martin Hørlyk Kristensen, 2026. "The Myth of Nordic Mobility: Social Mobility Rates in Modern Denmark and Sweden," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 68(1), pages 1-16, March.
    7. Avdeev, Stanislav & Ketel, Nadine & Oosterbeek, Hessel & van der Klaauw, Bas, 2024. "Spillovers in fields of study: Siblings, cousins, and neighbors," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
    8. Gregory Clark & Martin Hørlyk Kristensen, 2025. "The Myth of Nordic Mobility: Social Mobility Rates in Modern Denmark and Sweden," Working Papers 0275, European Historical Economics Society (EHES).
    9. Bingley, Paul & Cappellari, Lorenzo & Tatsiramos, Konstantinos, 2023. "On the Origins of Socio-Economic Inequalities: Evidence from Twin Families," IZA Discussion Papers 16520, IZA Network @ LISER.
    10. Colagrossi, Marco & Deiana, Claudio & Geraci, Andrea & Giua, Ludovica & Mazzarella, Gianluca, 2024. "Heterogenous latent factor models using horizontal kinship," JRC Working Papers in Economics and Finance 2024-01, Joint Research Centre, European Commission.
    11. Andrea Del Pizzo & Martin Nybom & Jan Stuhler, 2026. "Indirect Estimators of Intergenerational Mobility," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series 26137, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin).
    12. Bühler Jonas & Erhardt Tamara & Häner-Müller Melanie & Schaltegger Christoph A., 2025. "Ist Blut dicker als Wasser? Wie die Familie den sozialen Aufstieg beeinflusst," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, De Gruyter, vol. 26(1), pages 62-79.
    13. Tilbe Atav & Cornelius A. Rietveld & Hans van Kippersluis, 2023. "The impact of family background on educational attainment in Dutch birth cohorts 1966-1995," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 23-066/V, Tinbergen Institute.
    14. Mattias Almgren & John Kramer & Jósef Sigurdsson, 2025. "It Runs in the Family: Occupational Choice and the Allocation of Talent," CESifo Working Paper Series 11808, CESifo.
    15. Jan Stuhler, 2024. "Multigenerational inequality," Chapters, in: Elina Kilpi-Jakonen & Jo Blanden & Jani Erola & Lindsey Macmillan (ed.), Research Handbook on Intergenerational Inequality, chapter 8, pages 100-121, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    16. Sarah Cattan & Antonio Dalla-Zuanna & Jan Stuhler & Po Yin Wong, 2026. "Educational Mobility Across Multiple Generations in Indonesia," CESifo Working Paper Series 12611, CESifo.
    17. Gregory Clark & Martin Hørlyk Kristensen, 2026. "The Mechanisms of Intergenerational Status Transmission in Modern Scandinavia," Working Papers 0299, European Historical Economics Society (EHES).
    18. Winfree, Paul, 2023. "The long-run effects of temporarily closing schools: Evidence from Virginia, 1870s-1910s," QUCEH Working Paper Series 23-02, Queen's University Belfast, Queen's University Centre for Economic History.
    19. Hans Fredrik Sunde & Espen Moen Eilertsen & Fartein Ask Torvik, 2025. "Understanding indirect assortative mating and its intergenerational consequences for educational attainment," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
    20. Martin Nybom & Jan Stuhler, 2025. "Geographic Variation in Multigenerational Mobility," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 54(4), pages 1532-1575, November.
    21. Ahsan, Md. Nazmul & Emran, M. Shahe & Jiang, Hanchen & Shilpi, Forhad, 2025. "Making the most of coresident data: Credible evidence on intergenerational mobility with sibling correlation," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    22. Lazuka, Volha & Sandholt Jensen, Peter, 2021. "Multigenerational Effects of Smallpox Vaccination," Lund Papers in Economic History 232, Lund University, Department of Economic History.
    23. Paul Bingley & Lorenzo Cappellari & Konstantinos Tatsiramos, 2026. "Assortative Mating and Education Gradients within and across Generations," DISCE - Working Papers del Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza def152, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimenti e Istituti di Scienze Economiche (DISCE).
    24. Sander de Vries, 2025. "Who Gets Ahead? Measuring Income Gaps across Family Backgrounds," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 25-010/V, Tinbergen Institute, revised 02 Oct 2026.
    25. Marco Colagrossi & Andrea Geraci & Gianluca Mazzarella, 2023. "Intergenerational mobility in the Netherlands: models, outcomes and trends," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 21(4), pages 775-788, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion

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