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O Conteúdo em Mão-De-Obra do Comércio Internacional em Bens Intermédios: O Caso de Portugal

Author

Listed:
  • Enrique Martínez-Galán

    (CSG (Centre for Research in Social Sciences and Management), ISEG-Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Universidade de Lisboa; and The Asian Development Bank)

  • Maria Paula Fontoura

    (ISEG-Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Universidade de Lisboa, UECE (Research Unit on Complexity and Economics)/ REM (Research in Economics and Mathematics), Universidade de Lisboa)

Abstract

Este artigo analisa o conteúdo em mão-deobra do comércio português de bens intermédios exportados e importados. A mão de obra, medida em número de empregos, é considerada no seu conjunto e desagregada por níveis de qualificação (alto, médio ou baixo). A análise recorre à primeira versão da base de dados World InputOutput Database, complementada com as SocioEconomic Accounts desagregadas por níveis de qualificação da mão-de-obra. O período da análise é o mais amplo permitido pela base de dados. O número de empregos necessário para produzir bens intermédios importados (exportados) é usado como proxy do efeito na mão-de-obra da participação a jusante (montante) da economia portuguesa em cadeias de valor globais. Concluímos que, no período analisado, a exportação de bens intermédios é em grande medida intensiva em mão-de-obra pouco qualificada, como expectável num país abundante em emprego pouco qualificado, apesar da melhoria observada nos níveis de qualificação. Concluímos também que a importação de bens intermédios é proporcionalmente mais intensiva em mão-de-obra qualificada, predominantemente de nível médio. O conteúdo líquido em mão-de-obra estimado a partir do comércio internacional de bens intermédios foi negativo em 51 mil empregos no final do período analisado. Os impactos regionais na mão-de-obra em Portugal decorrentes da exportação de bens intermédios não parecem ter sido significativos, atendendo aos ganhos e perdas por sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Enrique Martínez-Galán & Maria Paula Fontoura, 2020. "O Conteúdo em Mão-De-Obra do Comércio Internacional em Bens Intermédios: O Caso de Portugal," RPER, Associação Portuguesa para o Desenvolvimento Regional, issue 56, pages 113-134, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:apd:rper00:y:2020:i:56:id:164
    DOI: 10.59072/rper.vi56.164
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    References listed on IDEAS

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