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Competitiveness of the Turkish Agri-Food Sector in Trade with the European Union

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  • Jabkowski, Dawid
  • Kupsik, Wiktor

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the competitive position of the Turkish agri-food sector in trade with the European Union. The study focused on agri-food products arranged as per the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS 1-24), and relied on data collected in two years, 2010 and 2022, retrieved from UNCTAD and Eurostat resources. The authors used the Widodo product mapping scheme to arrange the products. The results provide grounds for concluding that Turkey and the EU witnessed growth in bilateral agri-food trade. Between 2010 and 2022, the exports from Turkey to the EU increased by 89% whereas imports went up by 84%. In the years covered by the study, Turkey had the greatest comparative advantage and the highest degree of export specialization in the following product groups: preparations of vegetables, fruit and nuts (HS 20), fish and crustaceans (HS 03), vegetables (HS 08) and edible fruit and nuts (HS 07). Conversely, Turkey showed no comparative advantages in (and was a net importer of): cocoa and cocoa preparations (HS 18), cereals (HS 10) and meat and edible meat offal (HS 02). The mix of products traded can be viewed as rational and consistent with the classical theory of trade. Turkey’s comparative advantages provided a source of a beneficial specialization. In turn, imported products were those in which Turkey is not self-sufficient.

Suggested Citation

  • Jabkowski, Dawid & Kupsik, Wiktor, 2024. "Competitiveness of the Turkish Agri-Food Sector in Trade with the European Union," Roczniki (Annals), Polish Association of Agricultural Economists and Agribusiness - Stowarzyszenie Ekonomistow Rolnictwa e Agrobiznesu (SERiA), vol. 2024(01).
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:paaero:348617
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.348617
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Antonucci, Daniele & Manzocchi, Stefano, 2006. "Does Turkey have a special trade relation with the EU?: A gravity model approach," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 157-169, June.
    2. Jabkowski Dawid, 2023. "Conditions for the Competitiveness of the Agricultural Sector in the EU, Japan, Canada, Vietnam, and Mercosur Countries," Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej / Problems of Agricultural Economics, Sciendo, vol. 374(1), pages 42-61.
    3. Fagerberg, Jan, 1988. "International Competitiveness," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 98(391), pages 355-374, June.
    4. Carraresi, Laura & Banterle, Alessandro, 2015. "Agri-food Competitive Performance in EU Countries: A Fifteen-Year Retrospective," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 18(2), pages 1-26, May.
    5. Lukiewska, Katarzyna, 2023. "Competitiveness of the Polish Agri-Food Products in the Export to the World Market," Roczniki (Annals), Polish Association of Agricultural Economists and Agribusiness - Stowarzyszenie Ekonomistow Rolnictwa e Agrobiznesu (SERiA), vol. 2023(3).
    6. Tamás Mizik & Ákos Szerletics & Attila Jámbor, 2020. "Agri-Food Export Competitiveness of the ASEAN Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-15, November.
    7. Tri WIDODO, 2009. "Comparative Advantage: Theory, Empirical Measures And Case Studies," Review of Economic and Business Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, issue 4, pages 57-82, November.
    8. Fagerberg, Jan, 1988. "International Competitiveness," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 98(391), pages 355-374, June.
    9. Yonas T. Bahta & Salomo Mbai, 2023. "Competitiveness of Namibia’s Agri-Food Commodities: Implications for Food Security," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-21, March.
    10. Szczepaniak, Iwona, 2019. "Assessment of the Comparative Advantage in Polish Foreign Trade in Food and Non-Food Products on the World and European Union Market," Roczniki (Annals), Polish Association of Agricultural Economists and Agribusiness - Stowarzyszenie Ekonomistow Rolnictwa e Agrobiznesu (SERiA), vol. 2019(01).
    11. Jabkowski Dawid, 2023. "Conditions for the Competitiveness of the Agricultural Sector in the EU, Japan, Canada, Vietnam, and Mercosur Countries," Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej / Problems of Agricultural Economics, Sciendo, vol. 374(1), pages 42-61, March.
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    1. Wiktor Kupsik & Karolina Pawlak, 2024. "Competitive Position of EU Candidate Countries and Eastern Partnership Countries in Trading Fruit and Vegetables in the Single European Market," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Dawid Jabkowski, 2024. "Development Prospects for EU Trade in Agri-food Products with Japan and Vietnam," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(1), pages 288-302.

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