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Les industries de haute technologie de la zone euro et des Etats-Unis : une étude comparée de la compétitivité et des parts de marché

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  • Sarah Guillou

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

L'évolution des productions des industries de haute technologie montre un écart croissant, à partir de la seconde moitié des années 1990, entre la zone euro et les États-Unis, en faveur de ces derniers. En revanche, le niveau des exportations est quasiment identique actuellement. Le dynamisme des exportations de la zone euro est conforté par l'augmentation des parts de marché ; aux États-Unis, celles-ci déclinent, mais restent en niveau supérieures. Ceci est cohérent avec deux autres faits stylisés issus de la comparaison de la compétitivité-coût. D'une part, le niveau moyen du coût du travail unitaire relatif est plus élevé dans la zone euro qu'aux États-Unis ; d'autre part, ce coût dans la zone euro augmente moins ou diminue plus, en moyenne sur la période 1988-2002. La zone euro améliore donc sa compétitivité-coût par rapport aux États-Unis. La dernière section de l'article permet de vérifier que cette amélioration explique en partie la dynamique des parts de marché.

Suggested Citation

  • Sarah Guillou, 2006. "Les industries de haute technologie de la zone euro et des Etats-Unis : une étude comparée de la compétitivité et des parts de marché," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01021305, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-01021305
    DOI: 10.3917/reof.098.76
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01021305
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    References listed on IDEAS

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