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Economic Impact of Alternative FMD Emergency Vaccination Strategies in the Midwestern United States

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  • Schroeder, Ted C.
  • Pendell, Dustin L.
  • Sanderson, Michael W.
  • McReynolds, Sara

Abstract

An outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in the United States would likely result in major costs to producers, consumers, and government. How animal health officials manage such an outbreak has substantial impact on probable losses. Without an emergency FMD vaccination strategy, producer and consumer losses of an FMD outbreak in the midwestern United States would likely approach $188 billion, and government costs would likely exceed $11 billion. In contrast, a high-capacity emergency vaccination program together with a large vaccination zone would reduce median consumer and producer losses to approximately $56 billion and government costs to a little more than $1 billion.

Suggested Citation

  • Schroeder, Ted C. & Pendell, Dustin L. & Sanderson, Michael W. & McReynolds, Sara, 2025. "Economic Impact of Alternative FMD Emergency Vaccination Strategies in the Midwestern United States," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Southern Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 47(01), January.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:joaaec:348936
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.348936
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Philip L. Paarlberg & John G. Lee, 1998. "Import Restrictions in the Presence of a Health Risk: An Illustration Using FMD," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 80(1), pages 175-183.
    2. Paarlberg, Philip L. & Hillberg, Ann & Lee, John G. & Mathews, Kenneth H., Jr., 2008. "Economic Impacts of Foreign Animal Disease," Economic Research Report 56453, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    2. Adabrah-Danquah, Vera & Britton, Logan L. & Tonsor, Glynn T. & Coffey, Brian K. & Pendell, Dustin L., 2025. "Understanding U.S. Consumer Perceptions Regarding Beef Harvested from Cattle with Non-Zoonotic Diseases," 2025 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2025, Denver, CO 360838, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. McKendree, Melissa G.S. & Tonsor, Glynn T. & Schulz, Lee, "undated". "Feedlot operators’ decision making regarding price and animal health risk," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 258462, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    4. Webb, Mike & Gibson, John & Strutt, Anna, 2018. "The impact of diseases on international beef trade: Market switching and persistent effects," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 93-108.
    5. de Menezes, Taís C. & DeLay, Nathan & Countryman, Amanda M., 2025. "Integrated Modeling of Policy Changes: The Case of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccination in Brazil," 2025 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2025, Denver, CO 360640, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. repec:plo:pone00:0240819 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Dermot J. Hayes & Lee L. Schulz & Chad E. Hart & Keri L. Jacobs, 2021. "A descriptive analysis of the COVID‐19 impacts on U.S. pork, turkey, and egg markets," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 37(1), pages 122-141, January.
    8. Dustin L Pendell & Thomas L Marsh & Keith H Coble & Jayson L Lusk & Sara C Szmania, 2015. "Economic Assessment of FMDv Releases from the National Bio and Agro Defense Facility," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-22, June.
    9. Mike Webb & John Gibson & Anna Strutt, 2017. "The Importance of Biosecurity: How Diseases Can Affect International Beef Trade," Working Papers in Economics 17/13, University of Waikato.
    10. McKendree, Melissa G.S. & Tonsor, Glynn T. & Schulz, Lee L., 2021. "Management of Multiple Sources of Risk in Livestock Production," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 53(1), pages 75-93, February.
    11. Hagerman, Amy D. & Johnson, Kamina K. & Holmstrom, Lindsey & Rigney, Columb & Boyer, Tim & Schoenbaum, Melissa & Patyk, Kelly, "undated". "Saving Our Bacon without Hamstringing the Industry: Sensitivity of Economic Losses to Post-outbreak Management of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccinated Animals in a Simulated US Outbreak," 2018 Annual Meeting, August 5-7, Washington, D.C. 273866, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

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