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Financial Development, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from ARDL Approach for Pakistan

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  • Muhammad, Shahbaz
  • Faridul, Islam
  • Muhammad Sabihuddin, Butt

Abstract

The paper explores the existence of a long run equilibrium relationship among CO2 emissions, financial development, economic growth, energy consumption, and population growth in Pakistan. ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration is implemented to the data for 1974-2009. The results confirm a long run relation among these variables. Financial development appears to help reduce CO2 emissions. The main contributors to CO2 emissions however are: economic growth, population growth and energy consumption. Our results also lend support to the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve for Pakistan. Based on the findings we argue that policy focus on financial development might be helpful in reducing environmental degradation.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad, Shahbaz & Faridul, Islam & Muhammad Sabihuddin, Butt, 2011. "Financial Development, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from ARDL Approach for Pakistan," MPRA Paper 30138, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 07 Apr 2011.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:30138
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    Cited by:

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    3. Nabila Asghar & Awais Anwar & Hafeez Ur Rehman & Saba Javed, 2020. "Industrial practices and quality of environment: evidence for Asian economies," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(8), pages 7807-7829, December.
    4. Frank Adusah-Poku & William Bekoe, 2018. "Does the Form Matter? Foreign Capital Inflows and Economic Growth," Journal of Economics and Econometrics, Economics and Econometrics Society, vol. 61(3), pages 39-74.
    5. Chang, Shu-Chen, 2015. "Effects of financial developments and income on energy consumption," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 28-44.
    6. Wenjie Zhang & Mingyong Hong & Juan Li & Fuhong Li, 2021. "An Examination of Green Credit Promoting Carbon Dioxide Emissions Reduction: A Provincial Panel Analysis of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-21, June.
    7. Twerefou Daniel Kwabena & Bekoe William & Adusah-Poku Frank, 2016. "An empirical examination of the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for carbon dioxide emissions in Ghana: an ARDL approach," Environmental & Socio-economic Studies, Sciendo, vol. 4(4), pages 1-12, December.
    8. Mohd Irfan & Bamadev Mahapatra & Raj Kumar Ojha, 2023. "Energy Efficiency and Carbon Emissions in Developed and Developing Economies: Investigating the Moderating Role of Financial Development," Journal of Quantitative Economics, Springer;The Indian Econometric Society (TIES), vol. 21(2), pages 437-455, June.
    9. Li, Xiaolong & Ozturk, Ilhan & Ullah, Sana & Andlib, Zubaria & Hafeez, Muhammad, 2022. "Can top-pollutant economies shift some burden through insurance sector development for sustainable development?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 326-336.
    10. Abbasi, Faiza & Riaz, Khalid, 2016. "CO2 emissions and financial development in an emerging economy: An augmented VAR approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 102-114.
    11. Mumin Atalay Cetin & Ibrahim Bakirtas, 2020. "The long-run environmental impacts of economic growth, financial development, and energy consumption: Evidence from emerging markets," Energy & Environment, , vol. 31(4), pages 634-655, June.
    12. Sehar Munir & Azra Khan, 2014. "Impact of Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption on CO2 Emissions: Evidence from Pakistan (1980-2010)," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 53(4), pages 327-346.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial Development; CO2 Emissions; Cointegration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A10 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - General

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