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CRECIMIENTO, COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL E INSTITUCIONES: Reflexiones a Raíz de las Negociaciones TLC-ALCA

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Author Info
Sergio Clavijo ()
Abstract

Las discusiones TLC- ALCA hacen pertinente revisar los problemas de crecimiento, apertura y consolidación institucional en Colombia. Dichas negociaciones trascienden los temas arancelarios e incluyen derechos de propiedad y organización institucional. El crecimiento del ingreso real per-capita de América Latina presenta un rezago abismal respecto al del Sudeste Asiático (1,5% vs. 4,8% anual durante 1965-2004), agravándose durante el periodo post-crisis 1997-2004. Mientras Asia ha duplicado su ingreso per-capita cada quince años, América Latina ha tenido que esperar casi medio siglo y Colombia cerca de 40 años. Las negociaciones TLC- ALCA posibilitan modernizar nuestra economía y mejorar la organización institucional. Ningún país en vías en desarrollo ha logrado consolidar su crecimiento sin volcarse sobre el mercado externo. Para sostener el camino de desarrollo no existe formula diferente a la de aplicar buenas políticas económicas: baja inflación, tasas de cambio flexibles, un buen régimen tributario (con adecuada progresividad social), descentralización fiscal. Esto se verá forzado a medida que se mejore la organización Estatal y es aquí donde las negociaciones internacionales deben constituirse en un buen "anclaje" institucional.

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Paper provided by Banco de la Republica de Colombia in its series Borradores de Economia with number 307.

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Related research
Keywords: Crecimiento y Apertura (F43); Instituciones & América Latina (N46).;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies
N46 - Economic History - - Government, War, Law, and Regulation - - - Latin America; Caribbean

References listed on IDEAS
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    Other versions:
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    Other versions:
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