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The Costs of ”Blue Sky”: Environmental Regulation, Technology Upgrading, and Labor Demand in China

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  2. Chen Hu & Yanan Li & Penghao Ye, 2023. "The Halo Effect of Government: Does State-Owned Capital Promote the Green Innovation of Chinese Private Enterprises?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-21, May.
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  4. Lianying Hong & Xujun Liu & Bei Liu & Kewei Cao & Qiu Xia, 2025. "The impact of reducing trade barriers on enterprises' pollution emissions: Evidence from China," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 46(4), pages 2190-2205, June.
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  6. Hao, Miao & Lyv, Kangjuan & Li, Shiyuan & Hu, Wuyang, 2021. "How does environmental regulation affect firm innovation? Evidence based on corporate life cycle," MPRA Paper 110971, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  7. Zhang, Renjie & Zhu, Guiyi, 2024. "Green public procurement and firms' pollution emissions: Does demand-side environmental policy matter?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 1958-1978.
  8. Shao, Yunshu & Cheng, Yuxiang, 2025. "Impact of Chinese environmental protection tax law on high-pollution firms' employment growth - A quasi natural experiment," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 416-437.
  9. Jiaoping Yang & Shujun Wang & Shan Sun & Jianhua Zhu, 2022. "Influence Mechanism of High-Tech Industrial Agglomeration on Green Innovation Performance: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-20, March.
  10. Tan, Ruipeng & Hou, Ke & Wu, Huaqing, 2025. "The cost of biodiversity protection: National Key Ecological Functional Zone and labor demand in China," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
  11. Liu, Songrui & Yu, Xiaokun & Zhang, Wenkang & Zhang, Zhongwen, 2026. "The lifespan of small and medium-sized enterprises in China: Stylized facts and influencing factors," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
  12. Lu, Shuling & Yang, Qijing, 2024. "Price of going green: The employment effects of the environmental protection tax in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
  13. Du, Xinming & Qin, Yu & Xie, Yu, 2026. "Green regulation, trade friendliness, and local policy adaptation," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
  14. Shah, Asad Abbas & Zha, Donglan, 2025. "Economy-wide estimates of the energy rebound effect in BRICS: The role of environmental regulations and economic policy uncertainty," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
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  16. Xuefei Zhao & Biyi Zhou & Qianling Zhou, 2025. "The Impact of Environmental Incentive Policies on the Value of New Energy Enterprises—Evidence from China’s New Energy Demonstration Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-35, September.
  17. Du, Kerui & Liu, Xueyue & Zhao, Cheng, 2023. "Environmental regulation mitigates energy rebound effect," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
  18. Ren, Shenggang & Bao, Ruizhi & Gao, Zhengye, 2025. "Arrival of distant power: The impact of ultra-high voltage transmission projects on energy structure in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).
  19. Yang, Zhijiu & Ding, Hai, 2024. "Turning a blind eye: How local government fiscal distress affects the entry of energy-intensive enterprises," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
  20. Cheng, Qi & Yang, Jun, 2024. "Is green place-based policy effective in mitigating pollution? Firm-level evidence from China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 530-547.
  21. Zhang, Yongji & Cao, Liyuan & Lan, Minghui & Su, Zhi & Wang, Ke, 2024. "Air pollution and issuance credit spread of municipal investment bond," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
  22. Han, Chao & Li, Chongyu & Pei, Jiansuo & Wang, Chunhua, 2024. "Environmental regulation and intermediate imports: Firm-product-level evidence," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
  23. Rui Zhao & Dawei Liang & Yukun Pan & Qianqian Du, 2022. "Air Pollution and Employee Protection: The Moderating Effect of Public Attention and Environmental Regulations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-18, September.
  24. Xu, Hao & Xu, Jingxuan & Wang, Jie & Hou, Xiang, 2023. "Reduce production or increase efficiency? Hazardous air pollutants regulation, energy use, and the synergistic effect on industrial enterprises' carbon emission," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
  25. Liao, Tianlong & Liu, Guanchun & Liu, Yuanyuan & Lu, Rui, 2023. "Environmental regulation and corporate employment revisited: New quasi-natural experimental evidence from China's new environmental protection law," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
  26. Hanlu Cheng & Sifan Gao, 2025. "Sustainability reporting assurance and corporate employment structure: empirical evidence from Chinese listed companies," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
  27. Wei, Chuanhui & Zhang, Yongji & Lan, Minghui & Su, Zhi & Du, Heran & Wang, Ke, 2024. "How could we benefit from a low-carbon economy? Evidence from Chinese regional labor markets," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 523-537.
  28. Pang, Ruizhi & Zhang, Xuping & Leisten, Matthew & Deng, Zhongqi, 2025. "The equilibrium effects of environmental regulation on heterogeneous competing firms: Theory and evidence from Chinese manufacturing," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
  29. Tang, Le & Jefferson, Gary, 2024. "A DSGE model of energy efficiency with vintage capital in Chinese industry," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
  30. Gong, Maoyu & Zhang, Ning, 2025. "The hidden benefit of environmental regulation: Evidence from a quasi-experiment in China," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
  31. Yang, Yongwen & Lee, Juhee, 2024. "Assessing Tax Revenue Implications of Environmental Policy: A Case Study of China’s Channel City Policy," 2024 Annual Meeting, July 28-30, New Orleans, LA 344021, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
  32. Qiao Chen & Yan Mao & Alastair M. Morrison, 2021. "Impacts of Environmental Regulations on Tourism Carbon Emissions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-16, December.
  33. Ge, Shilong & Luo, Xiaodan & Li, Yuangang & Zheng, Lanxing, 2024. "The impact of green credit policy on total factor productivity of enterprises," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
  34. Zang, Xuheng & Feng, Jiankang & Song, Mingyue, 2024. "The impact of air pollution on household vulnerability to poverty: An empirical study from household data in China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 1369-1383.
  35. Lin, Xiaowen & Liu, Hancheng & Luo, Yueli & Sun, Li & Long, Houyin, 2026. "Does command-based environmental regulation affect corporate labor income share? Micro evidence from China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
  36. Liu, Yun & Zhang, Yifei & Yang, Yuxin & Chen, Xin, 2023. "Dark side of environmental regulation: Wage inequality cost," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 524-544.
  37. Xintong Zhan & Junting Liu & Jie Cao & Ruijing Yang & Linyu Zhou, 2026. "Beyond Green: Impacts of Green Bond Issuance on Conventional Bonds in China," Asian Economic Policy Review, Japan Center for Economic Research, vol. 21(1), pages 72-82, January.
  38. Xu, Le & Yang, Lili & Li, Ding & Shao, Shuai, 2023. "Asymmetric effects of heterogeneous environmental standards on green technology innovation: Evidence from China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
  39. Peng, Fei & Wang, Ling & Peng, Langchuan & Wu, Huaqing, 2023. "Local government fiscal squeeze, environmental regulation and firms’ polluting behavior: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
  40. Brantly Callaway & Tong Li & Joel Rodrigue & Yuya Sasaki & Yong Tan, 2024. "Regulation, Emissions and Productivity: Evidence from China’s Eleventh Five-Year Plan," Staff Working Papers 24-7, Bank of Canada.
  41. Xi Lin & Ling‐Yun He, 2023. "‘Going global’ and pollution in home country: Evidence from Chinese industrial firms," Economics of Transition and Institutional Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(4), pages 1135-1174, October.
  42. Zhen Feng & Sainan Cheng & Guohua Qu & Yunlong Cui & Jiameng Ye, 2022. "Research on Theoretical Mechanism and Promotion Path of Digital Economy Driving China’s Green Development under “Double Carbon” Background," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-27, December.
  43. Xie, Yi & Jiang, Jinwen & Wang, Dong, 2024. "Green finance policy and labor demand: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
  44. Yiwen Yu & Lili Ding & Yongyou Nie & Yun Pan & Zheng Jiao, 2024. "The Impact of Accountability for Energy Efficiency Targets on Labor Demand of Enterprises: Evidence from China’s Top-1000 Energy-Saving Program," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-19, October.
  45. Qihang Xue & Huimin Wang & Caiquan Bai, 2023. "Local green finance policies and corporate ESG performance," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 23(4), pages 721-749, December.
  46. Li, Zhensheng & Zhu, Junpeng & Wang, Shuqiong, 2024. "Environmental regulation, intelligent manufacturing and corporate investment & financing: Evidence from industrial robot investment," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
  47. Zhang, Yichuan & Shen, Jiezhong & Zhu, Tianyun, 2025. "Unintended negative impact of environmental regulation on public safety: Evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(PB).
  48. Chen, Tianqi & Zhang, Yi & Jiang, Cailou & Li, Hui, 2023. "How does energy efficiency affect employment? Evidence from Chinese cities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
  49. He, Wenjian & Cheng, Yu & Lin, Ying & Zhang, Hongxiao, 2022. "Microeconomic effects of designating National Forest Cities: Evidence from China's publicly traded manufacturing companies," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
  50. Xiang, Xunyong & Liu, Ruier & Luo, Wenjie, 2024. "Pollution haven or pollution halo? Testing direct and spillover effects of FDI," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
  51. Zhang, Guanglai & Zhang, Ning, 2024. "Environmental regulation and worker earnings: Evidence from city-level air quality standards in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
  52. Hille, Erik & Angerpointner, Cian, 2025. "The effect of energy prices on employment: Evidence from a developing country," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
  53. Linbo Zhang & Wenjing Xiang & Dongsheng Shi & Tian Liang & Xi Xiong & Shuyao Wu & Wentao Zhang & Duogui Yang, 2023. "Impact of Green Development Mechanism Innovation on Total-Factor Environmental Efficiency: A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on National Pilot Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-24, January.
  54. Fu Jingwen & Shangguan Xiangle & Wei Yusha & Saleem Faiza, 2025. "The Impact and Mechanism of the Creation of China’s Ecological Civilization Building Demonstration Zones on Labor Employment," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 19(1), pages 1-18.
  55. Qinglan Wu & Guifu Chen & Jing Han & Liyan Wu, 2022. "Does Corporate ESG Performance Improve Export Intensity? Evidence from Chinese Listed Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-16, October.
  56. Chen, Yuyang & Gao, Jie, 2025. "Product market effects of expropriation risk: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 49(3).
  57. An, Yunbi & Chen, Zhao & Yiu Liu, Clement Man & Liu, Qingfu & Wang, Chuanjie, 2025. "Compass guided: Northbound capital flow and investment clustering in China," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
  58. Haibo Ruan & Li Qiu & Jun Chen & Shuo Liu & Zhiyuan Ma, 2022. "Government Trust, Environmental Pollution Perception, and Environmental Governance Satisfaction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-18, August.
  59. Shuijun Peng & Lamei Wu & Liang Zhang, 2024. "Environmental regulations in developing countries and the span of firms' production stages: Evidence from China," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(8), pages 3421-3449, August.
  60. Yang, Shubo & Jahanger, Atif & Hu, Juan & Awan, Ashar, 2024. "Impact of China's carbon emissions trading scheme on firm-level pollution abatement and employment: Evidence from a national panel dataset," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
  61. Huang, Ruting & Yao, Xin, 2024. "City size and energy efficiency of Chinese manufacturing firms: An empirical study from a city characteristic perspective," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
  62. Chen, Lei & Li, Ke & Chen, Shuying & Wang, Xiaofei & Tang, Liwei, 2021. "Industrial activity, energy structure, and environmental pollution in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
  63. Liu, Xueyue & Liu, Yu & Zhao, Ruili, 2023. "Import competition and energy efficiency: Firms' responses to the WTO accession in China," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 670-690.
  64. Luo, Ximing & Dong, Cong & Dong, Xiucheng, 2024. "How economic transformation influence the employment of resource-based cities: Evidence from Shanxi Province, China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
  65. Guo, Shu & Zhang, ZhongXiang, 2023. "Green credit policy and total factor productivity: Evidence from Chinese listed companies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
  66. Wei, Xiahai & Jiang, Feng & Chen, Yu, 2023. "Who pays for environmental protection? The impact of green tax reform on labor share in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
  67. Zhenran Li & Yaru Cao & Aolin Lai & Qunwei Wang, 2025. "Geospatial Labor Reallocation: The Impact of China’s Clean Air Action on Inter-City Labor Distribution," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 88(7), pages 1937-1969, July.
  68. Jia, Wentao & Xie, Rui & Ma, Chunbo & Gong, Zezhong & Wang, Hui, 2024. "Environmental regulation and firms' emission reduction – The policy of eliminating backward production capacity as a quasi-natural experiment," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
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