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Zwischen Sozialromantik und Neoliberalismus: Zur Ökonomie der Sharing-Economy

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  • Peitz, Martin
  • Schwalbe, Ulrich

Abstract

Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die wesentlichen ökonomischen Aspekte der so genannten Sharing-Economy. Bei den dort tätigen Unternehmen handelt es sich zumeist um Plattformen, die direkte Transaktionen zwischen Akteuren mit dem Zweck einer temporären Nutzung dauerhafter Konsumgüter und damit verbundener Dienstleistungen vermitteln. Diese Sharing-Plattformen konnten vor allem aufgrund technologischer Entwicklungen entstehen, die die Transaktionskosten, wie z.B. aufgrund asymmetrischer Information über den Transaktionspartner, extrem reduziert haben. Dieses Informationsproblem adressieren Sharing-Plattformen ohne staatliche Regulierung mittels Rating- und Reputationssystemen. Die Sharing-Economy ist jedoch keineswegs eine "Ökonomie des Teilens", sondern auch in diesem Wirtschaftsbereich werden ökonomische Güter ge- und verkauft. Im vorliegenden Beitrag untersuchen die Autoren die kurz- und langfristigen allokativen Effekte der Sharing-Economy und diskutieren mögliche Externalitäten sowie ihre Auswirkungen auf soziale Beziehungen. Anschließend gehen die Autoren der Frage nach, wie eine ökonomisch sinnvolle Regulierung von Sharing-Plattformen ausgestaltet sein sollte und welche Wettbewerbsprobleme sie verursachen könnten. Abschließend wird auf mögliche Entwicklungen dieses neuen Wirtschaftsbereiches eingegangen.

Suggested Citation

  • Peitz, Martin & Schwalbe, Ulrich, 2016. "Zwischen Sozialromantik und Neoliberalismus: Zur Ökonomie der Sharing-Economy," ZEW Discussion Papers 16-033, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zewdip:16033
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    2. Haucap, Justus & Heimeshoff, Ulrich, 2017. "Ordnungspolitik in der digitalen Welt," DICE Ordnungspolitische Perspektiven 90, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sharing-Economy; Ökonomie des Teilens; Plattformen; Airbnb; Uber; asymmetrische Information; externe Effekte; Reputationssysteme; Regulierung;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D23 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
    • K23 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law - - - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
    • L14 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation
    • L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation

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