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And fairness for all? Wie gerecht ist die Finanzierung im deutschen Gesundheitssystem? Eine Berechnung des Kakwani-Index auf Basis der EVS

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  • Härpfer, Marco
  • Cacace, Mirella
  • Rothgang, Heinz

Abstract

Unser Beitrag thematisiert soziale Gerechtigkeit in der Finanzierung des deutschen Gesundheitssystems. Obgleich in öffentlichen Debatten häufig mit sozialer Gerechtigkeit argumentiert wird, fehlt ein entsprechendes Konzept und demzufolge auch die empirische Fundierung. Wir greifen dieses Defizit auf indem wir (1) einen theoretischen Referenzrahmen ableiten und (2) die empirischen Ergebnisse zu sozialer Gerechtigkeit im Status Quo des deutschen Gesundheitssystems aktualisieren. Als theoretischen Referenzrahmen wählen wir das WHO Konzept zur fairen Finanzierung in Gesundheitssystemen. Nach einer Zusammenfassung der Kritik an der WHO Studie benennen wir als Postulate: (1) keine risikogebundenen Prämien (2) Haushalte mit gleichem Einkommen sollen gleiche Prämien bezahlen (horizontal justice) (3) höhere Einkommen führen zu entsprechend höheren Prämien (vertical justice). Zur Messung fairer Finanzierung berechnen wir die Gesamt- und Teilwerte des Kakwani-Index auf Basis aktueller Daten der Einkommens- und Verbrauchsstichprobe 2003 (EVS 2003). Im Vergleich zeigen unsere Ergebnisse für den Gesamtindex, dass die Finanzierung der Gesundheitsausgaben innerhalb der vergangenen 15 Jahre geringfügig weniger regressiv geworden ist (von -0.045 auf -0.041). Bei einer differenzierten Betrachtung der einzelnen Finanzierungskomponenten zeigen sich Verschiebungen. Wir schließen unsere Betrachtung mit einem methodischen Hinweis zur Anwendung des Kakwani-Index für das deutsche Gesundheitssystem.

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  • Härpfer, Marco & Cacace, Mirella & Rothgang, Heinz, 2009. "And fairness for all? Wie gerecht ist die Finanzierung im deutschen Gesundheitssystem? Eine Berechnung des Kakwani-Index auf Basis der EVS," Working papers of the ZeS 04/2009, University of Bremen, Centre for Social Policy Research (ZeS).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zeswps:042009
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