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Zur Qualität professioneller Wechselkursprognosen

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  • Schmidt, Robert

Abstract

Die Berücksichtigung der zukünftigen Entwicklung des Wechselkurses ist sowohl für internationale Unternehmen als auch für international tätige Investoren unabdingbar. Allerdings ist die Erstellung von Wechsel- kursprognosen schwierig, da bis zum heutigen Zeitpunkt kein allgemein anerkanntes Wechselkursmodell verfügbar ist. Es bietet sich daher an, bei der Erstellung einer Wechselkursprognose sich an den Einschtäzung schätzungen Spezialisten zu orientieren. Eine Möglichkeit sich über die Einschätzungen von Spezialisten zu informieren ist die Beachtung sogenannter Marktprognosen, die die durchschnittlichen Einschätzungen von befragten Analysten widerspiegeln. Die Auswertung der Marktprognosen zeigt jedoch, dass ihre Fähigkeit zukünftige Wechselkurse treffend vorherzusagen sehr gering ist. Anhand mehrer Kriterien zur Beurteilung der Prognosequalität wird gezeigt, dass die Verwendung von Marktprognosen generell zu schlechteren Ergebnissen führt als die Verwendung einer naiven Random Walk Prognose. Auch die Verwendung des Terminkurses als Prognose für die zukünftige Wechselkursentwicklung führt zu besseren Ergebnissen. Das schlechte Abschneiden der Marktprognosen ist vor allem auf zwei Faktoren zurückzuführen, die Merkmale für die Anwendung einer Verankerungs- und Anpassungsheuristik sind. Zum einen orientieren sich die befragten Analysten im Durchschnitt zu stark an der aktuellen Kursentwicklung. Diese stellt für die Analysten eine Richtgröße dar, von der sie sich bei der Erstellung der Prognose nicht lösen können. Zum anderen erfolgt die Anpassung der Prognose ausgehend vom Ankerwert aktueller Kurs meist in Richtung des Fundamentalkurses. Die Analysten rücken also bei der Erstellung ihrer Prognosen eine fundamentale Analyse in den Vordergrund, die im spekulativen Umfeld des Devisenmarktes auf kurze bis mittlere Sicht wenig Erfolg versprechend ist, da kurzfristig die Entwicklung von Wechselkursen durch Trends und Stimmungen determiniert wird.

Suggested Citation

  • Schmidt, Robert, 2003. "Zur Qualität professioneller Wechselkursprognosen," W.E.P. - Würzburg Economic Papers 36, University of Würzburg, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wuewep:36
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Peter Bofinger & Robert Schmidt, 2003. "How good are professional exchange rate forecasts?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 56(17), pages 7-14, September.
    2. Bofinger, Peter & Schmidt, Robert, 2004. "Should One Rely on Professional Exchange Rate Forecasts? An Empirical Analysis of Professional Forecasts for the ?/US$ Rate," CEPR Discussion Papers 4235, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Prognosen; Devisenmarkt; Behavioral Finance; Verankerungsheuristik;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F47 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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