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Die Gastarbeiter: Geschichte und aktuelle soziale Lage

Author

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  • Höhne, Jutta
  • Linden, Benedikt
  • Seils, Eric
  • Wiebel, Anne

Abstract

Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich aus Anlass des 50. Jahrestages der Ankunft des einmillionsten Gastarbeiters am Bahnhof Deutz mit der Geschichte und der aktuellen sozialen Lage älterer Ausländer aus den Anwerbestaaten. Bis Anfang der 1970er Jahre war die Wohnsituation der angeworbenen Ausländer außerordentlich schlecht. Auf dem Arbeitsmarkt besetzten sie die untersten Lohngruppen, so dass ihre Stundenlöhne unter denen der deutschen Arbeitnehmer lagen. Bis Anfang der 1970er Jahre gelang es ihnen, diesen Nachteil durch Überstunden und Zulagen für Schwerstarbeit soweit zu kompensieren, dass ihr durchschnittlicher Monatslohn nur wenig unter dem der Deutschen lag. Die industrielle Krise seit Mitte der 1970er erschwerte ihre Situation jedoch zunehmend. Heute haben die in Deutschland gebliebenen ehemaligen Gastarbeiter das Rentenalter erreicht. Ihre Renten liegen weit unter denen gleichaltriger Deutscher und ihr Armutsrisiko ist enorm hoch. Die Wohnsituation hat sich im Vergleich zu den 1960er Jahren zwar deutlich gebessert, es besteht aber weiterhin eine erhebliche Lücke zu den Deutschen. Gesellschaftlich sind viele der ehemaligen Gastarbeiter immer noch ganz unten.

Suggested Citation

  • Höhne, Jutta & Linden, Benedikt & Seils, Eric & Wiebel, Anne, 2014. "Die Gastarbeiter: Geschichte und aktuelle soziale Lage," WSI Reports 16, The Institute of Economic and Social Research (WSI), Hans Böckler Foundation.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wsirep:16
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    1. Robert Lehmann & Wolfgang Nagl, 2019. "Explaining spatial patterns of foreign employment in Germany," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(7), pages 991-1003, July.
    2. Afonso, Alexandre & Negash, Samir & Wolff, Emily Anne, 2022. "Migration and Welfare States," OSF Preprints my64b, Center for Open Science.

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