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Lohnbildung und Beschäftigung

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  • Kromphardt, Jürgen

Abstract

Bei der Wahl dieses Titels schimmert die ebenso alte wie weit verbreitete These durch, derzufolge das Beschäftigungsniveau und damit die Arbeitslosigkeit wesentlich von der Lohnhöhe bestimmt seien. Der Titel trägt aber der Tatsache Rechnung, daß in den kontinentaleuropäischen Volkswirtschaften das Nominallohnniveau überwiegend in kollektiven Tarifverhandlungen vereinbart wird; das Reallohnniveau ist allerdings das Ergebnis der Gütermarktprozesse. Diese Tatsache wird in der modernen Arbeitsmarktökonomie berücksichtigt. Dies zeigt sich z.B. daran, daß W. Franz, der führende deutsche Arbeitsmarktökonom, für das "Ottobeurer Seminar" 1995 über "Arbeitslosigkeit und die Möglichkeiten ihrer Überwindung" ein theoretisches Referenzmodell für die Arbeitsmarktanalyse vorgestellt hat, das von unvollständiger Konkurrenz auf den Güter- und Arbeitsmärkten ausgeht. Damit läßt W. Franz das alte neoklassische Grundmodell des Arbeitsmarktes hinter sich, das für vollständige Konkurrenz und für einen dominierenden (oder allein relevanten) Substitutionseffekt beim Arbeitsangebot den Arbeitsmarkt durch zwei sich kreuzende Kurven für Arbeitsangebot und -nachfrage wiedergibt, die dem Bild für den Markt eines einzelnen Gutes entsprechen und damit dem "Totem der Mikros" gemäß Leijonhufvuds "Life among the Econ" (1981, S. 353). Dieses Referenzmodell will ich Ihnen im 1. Abschnitt präsentieren (und dabei seine inkonsistente Interpretation durch W. Franz kritisieren) und im 2. Abschnitt durch Überlegungen zum Gewerkschaftsverhalten ergänzen. Der 3. und 4. Abschnitt befaßt sich mit Problemen und Ergebnissen empirischer Untersuchungen. Die Abschnitte 5 und 6 kritisieren zwei Autorengruppen, die diese Ergebnisse zur Kenntnis zu nehmen zu vermeiden trachten.

Suggested Citation

  • Kromphardt, Jürgen, 1999. "Lohnbildung und Beschäftigung," Violette Reihe: Schriftenreihe des Promotionsschwerpunkts "Globalisierung und Beschäftigung" 6/1999, University of Hohenheim, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Evangelisches Studienwerk.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:hohpro:y1999i06p1-19
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    References listed on IDEAS

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