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Impacts of an early stage education intervention on students'learning achievement : evidence from the Philippines

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  • Yamauchi, Futoshi
  • Liu, Yanyan

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of a large supply-side education intervention in the Philippines, the Third Elementary Education Project, on students'national achievement test scores. It finds that the program significantly increased student test scores at grades 4 to 6. The estimation indicates that two-year exposure to the program increases test scores by about 4.5 to 5 score points. Interestingly, the mathematics score is more responsive to the education reform than are other subjects. The analysis also finds that textbooks, instructional training of teachers, and new classroom construction particularly contributed to these outcomes. The empirical results imply that early-stage investment improves student performance at later stages in the elementary school cycle, which suggests that social returns to such an investment are greater than what the current study demonstrates.

Suggested Citation

  • Yamauchi, Futoshi & Liu, Yanyan, 2012. "Impacts of an early stage education intervention on students'learning achievement : evidence from the Philippines," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6246, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:6246
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    1. Harold Alderman & John Hoddinott & Bill Kinsey, 2006. "Long term consequences of early childhood malnutrition," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 58(3), pages 450-474, July.
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    4. Futoshi Yamauchi, 2008. "Early Childhood Nutrition, Schooling, and Sibling Inequality in a Dynamic Context: Evidence from South Africa," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 56(3), pages 657-682, April.
    5. John A. Maluccio & John Hoddinott & Jere R. Behrman & Reynaldo Martorell & Agnes R. Quisumbing & Aryeh D. Stein, 2009. "The Impact of Improving Nutrition During Early Childhood on Education among Guatemalan Adults," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(537), pages 734-763, April.
    6. Yamauchi, Futoshi, 2005. "Why Do Schooling Returns Differ? Screening, Private Schools, and Labor Markets in the Philippines and Thailand," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 53(4), pages 959-981, July.
    7. Khattri, Nidhi & Ling, Cristina & Jha, Shreyasi, 2010. "The effects of school-based management in the Philippines : an initial assessment using administrative data," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5248, The World Bank.
    8. Keisuke Hirano & Guido W. Imbens & Geert Ridder, 2003. "Efficient Estimation of Average Treatment Effects Using the Estimated Propensity Score," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(4), pages 1161-1189, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Morley, Samuel & Piñeiro, Valeria & Robinson, Sherman, 2011. "External shocks and policy alternatives in small open economies: The case of El Salvador," IFPRI discussion papers 1134, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. Okabe, Masayoshi, 2016. "Gender-preferential intergenerational patterns in primary educational attainment: An econometric approach to a case in rural Mindanao, the Philippines," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 125-142.
    3. World Bank, 2013. "Basic Education Public Expenditure Review Phase II : School Based Management in the Philippines, An Empirical Investigation," World Bank Publications - Reports 16076, The World Bank Group.
    4. Asenso-Okyere, Kwadwo & Babu, Suresh C. & Glendenning, Claire J., 2011. "Evaluation of value-added agricultural advisory services: Case study of agriclinics in Southern India," IFPRI discussion papers 1125, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    5. Yamauchi, Futoshi, 2015. "Wage dynamics, turnover, and human capital : evidence from adolescent transition from school to work in the Philippines," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7184, The World Bank.
    6. Morley, Samuel & Piñeiro, Valeria & Robinson, Sherman, 2011. "A dynamic computable general equilibrium model with working capital for Honduras:," IFPRI discussion papers 1130, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    7. Paul Glewwe & Ana Cuesta & Booke Krause, 2016. "School Infrastructure and Educational Outcomes: A Literature Review, with Special Reference to Latin America," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Fall 2016), pages 95-130.
    8. Tomoki Fujii & Maki Nakajima & Sijia Xu, 2021. "Teaching in the Right Context: Textbook Supply Program, Language, and Vocabulary Ability in Vietnam," Economics and Statistics Working Papers 2-2021, Singapore Management University, School of Economics.
    9. Yu, Bingxin & Nin-Pratt, Alejandro & Funes, José & Gemessa, Sinafikeh Asrat, 2011. "Cereal production and technology adoption in Ethiopia," ESSP working papers 31, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    10. Yamauchi, Futoshi & Parandekar, Suhas, 2014. "School Resource and Performance Inequality : evidence from the Philippines," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6748, The World Bank.
    11. Salau, Sheu & Takeshima, Hiroyuki, 2011. "How does ownership of farm implements affect investment in other farm implements when farmers' liquidity constraint is relaxed?: Insights from Nigeria," IFPRI discussion papers 1133, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    12. Tomoki Fujii & Maki Nakajima & Sijia Xu, 2023. "Teaching in the right context: Textbook supply program, language, and learning," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(2), pages 797-824, May.
    13. Omoeva, Carina & Menezes Cunha, Nina & Moussa, Wael, 2021. "Measuring equity of education resource allocation: An output-based approach," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    14. David Laborde & Will Martin & Dominique van der Mensbrugghe, 2017. "Measuring the Impacts of Global Trade Reform with Optimal Aggregators of Distortions," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(2), pages 403-425, May.

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