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Hegemony and international alignment

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Abstract

This article explores the interplay between economic hegemony and political alignment. Using theoretical and empirical insights from Broner et al. (2024), we posit that hegemonic states, such as the U.S., foster political alignment, which enhances globalization. We use UN voting data to proxy for international alignment and show that hegemons induce alignment. This data has shortcomings, however. UN voting only covers the post-WWII period, refers to a narrow set of issues, and displays little time variation. As for military alliances, they were not widely used before the mid-20th century. We propose an alternative measure of alignment based on international treaties.

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  • Fernando Broner & Alberto Martin & Josefin Meyer & Christoph Trebesch & Jiaxian Zhou Wu, 2025. "Hegemony and international alignment," Economics Working Papers 1902, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
    • Handle: RePEc:upf:upfgen:1902
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    1. Brett Leeds & Jeffrey Ritter & Sara Mitchell & Andrew Long, 2002. "Alliance Treaty Obligations and Provisions, 1815-1944," International Interactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(3), pages 237-260, July.
    2. Christopher Clayton & Matteo Maggiori & Jesse Schreger, 2026. "A Framework for Geoeconomics," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 94(1), pages 105-136, January.
    3. Schmidt, Julia & Steingress, Walter, 2022. "No double standards: Quantifying the impact of standard harmonization on trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    4. Michel Fouquin & Jules Hugot, 2016. "Two Centuries of Bilateral Trade and Gravity data: 1827-2014," Vniversitas Económica, Universidad Javeriana - Bogotá, vol. 0(0), pages 1-39.
    5. Gopinath, Gita & Gourinchas, Pierre-Olivier & Presbitero, Andrea F. & Topalova, Petia, 2025. "Changing global linkages: A new Cold War?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    6. Gita Gopinath & Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas & Andrea F. Presbitero & Petia Topalova, 2025. "Changing Global Linkages: Bridging Geopolitical Fragments," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 115, pages 605-610, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Christopher Clayton & Matteo Maggiori & Jesse Schreger, 2025. "Putting Economics Back into Geoeconomics," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2025, volume 40, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Sibo Liu & Alexey Makarin & Jinfeng Wu & Dong Zhang, 2026. "The War of Ideas: Institutions and Global Media Bias," CESifo Working Paper Series 12459, CESifo.
    3. Clayton, Christopher & Coppola, Antonio & Maggiori, Matteo & Schreger, Jesse, 2025. "Chokepoints: Identifying Economic Pressure," SocArXiv zsc4x_v1, Center for Open Science.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F4 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F3 - International Economics - - International Finance
    • P00 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - General - - - General

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