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Customer Relationship and Sales

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  • Shouyong Shi

Abstract

I analyze a search equilibrium in a large market where customer relationship based on past trade arises endogenously together with service priority and sales. Specifically, there exists a unique equilibrium where it is optimal for a buyer to make repeat purchases from the related seller and optimal for a seller to give service priority to the related buyer. Customer relationship always improves welfare by reducing search frictions, but the equilibrium is socially efficient only when the buyer/seller ratio in the market is below a critical level. When the buyer/seller ratio exceeds this critical level, the equilibrium is inefficient because it fails to induce the coexistence of trading priority for related buyers and partial mixing of buyers for related sellers. Customer relationship induces price variations for individual sellers over time even when market conditions do not change. A seller posts a (high) regular price to sell to the related buyer and, once the seller loses the relationship, the seller posts a (low) sale price to sell to unrelated buyers until he gains a relationship. I also examine how market conditions affect the aggregate stock of relationships, markups, the size and the duration of a sale.

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  • Shouyong Shi, 2013. "Customer Relationship and Sales," Working Papers tecipa-490, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:tor:tecipa:tecipa-490
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    Cited by:

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    2. Shi, Shouyong, 2016. "Customer relationship and sales," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 483-516.
    3. Shouyong Shi, 2019. "Sequentially Mixed Search and Equilibrium Price Dispersion," 2019 Meeting Papers 322, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    4. Soulé Akinhola Adéchian & Mohamed Nasser Baco & Luke Oyesola Olarinde & Ismail Moumouni & David C. Natcher, 2022. "Social Ties Development as Competitive Strategies in Vegetables Marketing: Evidence from Small-Scale Farmers in Benin," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(2), pages 1030-1049, April.
    5. Leo Kaas & Bihemo Kimasa, 2021. "Firm Dynamics With Frictional Product And Labor Markets," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 62(3), pages 1281-1317, August.
    6. Petrosky-Nadeau, Nicolas & Wasmer, Etienne, 2015. "Macroeconomic dynamics in a model of goods, labor, and credit market frictions," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 97-113.
    7. Emmanuel Saez & Pascal Michaillat, 2013. "A Theory of Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand as Functions of Market Tightness with Prices as Parameters," 2013 Meeting Papers 1216, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    8. Zdravkovic, Srdan & Magnusson, Peter & Miocevic, Dario & Westjohn, Stanford A., 2021. "Vicarious animosity: Taking sides on provocative issues," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 77-85.
    9. Petrosky-Nadeau, Nicolas & Wasmer, Etienne, 2015. "Macroeconomic dynamics in a model of goods, labor, and credit market frictions," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 97-113.
    10. Hämäläinen, Saara & Petrikaite, Vaiva, 2018. "Mobility with private information and privacy suppression," CEPR Discussion Papers 12860, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    11. Randall Wright & Philipp Kircher & Benoit Julîen & Veronica Guerrieri, 2017. "Directed Search: A Guided Tour," NBER Working Papers 23884, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Alok Johri & Terry Yip, 2017. "Financial Shocks,Supply-chain Relationships and the Great Trade Collapse," Department of Economics Working Papers 2017-11, McMaster University.
    13. De Francesco, Massimo A., 2018. "Conditional loyalty and its implications for pricing," MPRA Paper 91671, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 26 Nov 2018.
    14. Kim, Byung Woon & Park, Joonho & Youl Ko, Chang, 2013. "Cost allocation of WCDMA and wholesale pricing for mVoIP and data services," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 35-47.
    15. Leena Rudanko, 2017. "Pricing in a Frictional Product Market," 2017 Meeting Papers 1281, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    16. Massimo A. Francesco, 2021. "Conditional loyalty and its implications for pricing," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(10), pages 1-20, October.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Customer relationship; Sales; Directed search;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D83 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness
    • D40 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - General

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