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Visible Minority Neighbourhood Enclaves and Labour Market Outcomes of Immigrants

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  • Hou, Feng
  • Picot, Garnett
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    Abstract

    Using Census data from 1981, 1986, 1991 and 1996, this study examined the association between living in a visible minority enclave and immigrants' labour market outcomes in Canada's three largest cities. The results showed that the number of such enclaves, defined as census tracts with at least 30% of the population from a single visible minority group (Chinese, South Asian or Black), increased from 6 in 1981 to 142 in 1996, mostly in Toronto and Vancouver. The association between exposure to own-group neighbours and employment was at times negative, but generally not significant. Exposure to own-group neighbours and working in a segregated occupation was positively, but not significantly, associated. Little association existed between exposure and employment earnings. However, there were some important group differences. The associations between exposure to own-group neighbours and labour market outcomes were usually very weak among Chinese immigrants, but often negative and strong among Black immigrants.

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    File URL: http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/olc-cel/olc.action?ObjId=11F0019M2003204&ObjType=46&lang=en&limit=0
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    Paper provided by Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch in its series Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series with number 2003204e.

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    Date of creation: 09 Jul 2003
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    Handle: RePEc:stc:stcp3e:2003204e
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    Keywords: Employment and unemployment; Ethnic diversity and immigration; Immigrants and non-permanent residents; Integration of newcomers; Labour; Labour market and income; Visible minorities; Wages; salaries and other earnings;

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    1. B.R. Chiswick & P.W. Miller, 2000. "Do Enclaves Matter in Immigrant Adjustment?," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 00-19, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics.
    2. Borjas, George J, 1995. "Ethnicity, Neighborhoods, and Human-Capital Externalities," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(3), pages 365-90, June.
    3. Nick Buck, 2001. "Identifying Neighbourhood Effects on Social Exclusion," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 38(12), pages 2251-2275, November.
    4. Oreopoulos, Philip, 2002. "Do Neighbourhoods Influence Long-term Labour Market Success? A Comparison of Adults Who Grew up in Different Public Housing Projects," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2002185e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
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    Cited by:

    1. Deepti Goel & Kevin Lang, 2010. "Social Ties and the Job Search of Recent Immigrants," Working Papers id:2932, eSocialSciences.
    2. Schaffner, Sandra & Treude, Barbara, 2014. "The Effect of Ethnic Clustering on Migrant Integration in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 536, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    3. Treude, Barbara, 2014. "The Effect of Ethnic Clustering on Migrant Integration in Germany," Annual Conference 2014 (Hamburg): Evidence-based Economic Policy 100584, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    4. Hou, Feng, 2004. "Recent Immigration and the Formation of Visible Minority Neighbourhoods in Canada's Large Cities," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2004221e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
    5. Hou, Feng, 2008. "Immigrants Working with Co-ethnics: Who Are They and How Do They Fare Economically?," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2008310e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
    6. repec:zbw:rwirep:0536 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Goel, Deepti & Lang, Kevin, 2009. "The Role of Social Ties in the Job Search of Recent Immigrants," CLSSRN working papers clsrn_admin-2009-12, Vancouver School of Economics, revised 02 Feb 2009.
    8. Haan, Michael, 2005. "Are Immigrants Buying to Get In?: The Role of Ethnic Clustering on the Homeownership Propensities of 12 Toronto Immigrant Groups, 1996-2001," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2005252e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.

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