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Financing Innovation in New Small Firms: New Evidence from Canada

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  • Gaudreault, Valerie
  • Gellatly, Guy
  • Baldwin, John R.

Abstract

This paper investigates the financial characteristics of new small firms. The analysis develops a representative, small-firm financial profile and evaluates the extent to which the proportionate use of different instruments and sources is correlated with industry-level and firm-specific characteristics. Multivariate methods are then used to examine relationships among financial structure, R&D intensity, and innovation. Our results suggest that relationships between knowledge intensity and capital structure are bidirectional. After a range of industry- and firm-level covariates are controlled for, firms that devote a higher percentage of their investment expenditure to R&D also exhibit fewer debt-intensive structures. Conversely, debt-intensive structures also act to constrain investments in R&D. These relationships, however, depend upon the type of debt in the asset mix. It is the share of long-term debt to total assets that is negatively related to investments in knowledge.

Suggested Citation

  • Gaudreault, Valerie & Gellatly, Guy & Baldwin, John R., 2002. "Financing Innovation in New Small Firms: New Evidence from Canada," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2002190e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
    • Handle: RePEc:stc:stcp3e:2002190e
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    File URL: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/11F0019M2002190
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    Cited by:

    1. Hamadi FakhFakh & Rim Zouari-Hadiji, 2011. "Dettes financières et investissement en R&D:une étude comparative," Working Papers CREGO 1110302, Université de Bourgogne - CREGO EA7317 Centre de recherches en gestion des organisations.
    2. Julia Pineda Acero, Fernando Barrios Aguirre Jorge Juliao Rossi, 2016. "Contraste entre los determinantes de la inversión en I&D y del registro de patentes en sectores industriales de Colombia," Revista CIFE, Universidad Santo Tomás.
    3. Robert Gampfer & Jessica Mitchell & Blagoy Stamenow & Jana Zifciakova & Koen Jonkers, 2016. "Improving access to finance: which schemes best support the emergence of high-growth innovative enterprises? A mapping, analysis and assessment of finance instruments in selected EU Member States," JRC Research Reports JRC102928, Joint Research Centre.
    4. Wioletta Czemiel-Grzybowska, 2014. "Selected Constraints To Development Of Entrepreneurship In Poland," "e-Finanse", University of Information Technology and Management, Institute of Financial Research and Analysis, vol. 10(2), pages 21-27, August.
    5. Chavis, Larry W. & Klapper,Leora & Love,Inessa & Chavis, Larry W. & Klapper, Leora F. & Love,Inessa, 2010. "The impact of the business environment on young firm financing," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5322, The World Bank.
    6. John Baldwin & Beiling Yan, 2011. "The death of Canadian manufacturing plants: heterogeneous responses to changes in tariffs and real exchange rates," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 147(1), pages 131-167, April.
    7. Mueller, Elisabeth & Zimmermann, Volker, 2006. "The Importance of Equity Finance for R&D Activity: Are There Differences Between Young and OldCompanies?," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-014, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    8. Thuy Hang Do, 2014. "Determinants of Innovation Commercialization Management and Anticipated Returns: An Exploratory Typology of SMEs," International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management (IJITM), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 11(06), pages 1-20.
    9. Fryges, Helmut & Kohn, Karsten & Ullrich, Katrin, 2011. "The Interdependence of R&D Activity and Debt Financing of Young Firms," IZA Discussion Papers 6217, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Miglo, Anton, 2022. "Theories of financing for entrepreneurial firms: a review," MPRA Paper 115835, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Vivek Ghosal & Yang Ye, 2013. "Business Decision-Making under Uncertainty: Evidence from Employment and Number of Businesses," CESifo Working Paper Series 4312, CESifo.
    12. Mark Freel, 2007. "Are Small Innovators Credit Rationed?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 28(1), pages 23-35, January.
    13. Pawe³ Kliber, 2014. "Estimation Of Risk Neutral Measure For Polish Stock Market," "e-Finanse", University of Information Technology and Management, Institute of Financial Research and Analysis, vol. 10(2), pages 28-37, August.
    14. Anjali Kumar & Manuela Francisco, 2005. "Enterprise Size, Financing Patterns, and Credit Constraints in Brazil : Analysis of Data from the Investment Climate Assessment Survey," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 7330, April.
    15. Allan Riding & Barbara Orser & Tyler Chamberlin, 2011. "Investing in R&D: small- and medium-sized enterprise financing preferences," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2-3), pages 199-214, December.
    16. Mr. Vladimir Klyuev, 2008. "Show Me the Money: Access to Finance for Small Borrowers in Canada," IMF Working Papers 2008/022, International Monetary Fund.
    17. Vivek Ghosal & Yang Ye, 2015. "Uncertainty and the employment dynamics of small and large businesses," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 529-558, March.
    18. Ghosal, Vivek & Ye, Yang, 2019. "The impact of uncertainty on the number of businesses," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    19. Petr Hanel, 2007. "Productivity and innovation: an overview of the issues," Cahiers de recherche 07-22, Departement d'économique de l'École de gestion à l'Université de Sherbrooke.
    20. Elisabeth Müller & Volker Zimmermann, 2009. "The importance of equity finance for R&D activity," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(3), pages 303-318, October.
    21. Sipos, Norbert & Lukovszki, Lívia & Rideg, András, 2022. "A kisvállalati termék- vagy szolgáltatásinnováció erőforrás-alapú megközelítése [A resource-based view of small business product/service innovation]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(7), pages 929-961.
    22. Mark Freel & Sara Carter & Stephen Tagg & Colin Mason, 2012. "The latent demand for bank debt: characterizing “discouraged borrowers”," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 399-418, May.
    23. Väänänen, Lotta, 2003. "Agency Costs and R&D: Evidence from Finnish SMEs," Discussion Papers 859, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
    24. Ana Milena Padilla Ospina & Jorge Alberto Rivera Godoy & Javier Humberto Ospina Holgu�n, 2015. "Determinantes de la estructura de capital de las mipymes del sector real participantes del Premio Innova 2007-2011," Revista Finanzas y Politica Economica, Universidad Católica de Colombia, vol. 7(2), pages 359-380.
    25. Audretsch, David B. & Weigand, Jurgen, 2005. "Do knowledge conditions make a difference?: Investment, finance and ownership in German industries," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 595-613, June.

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