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Show Me the Money: Access to Finance for Small Borrowers in Canada

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  • Mr. Vladimir Klyuev

Abstract

This paper examines access to business finance by Canadian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and to housing finance by Canadian households (particularly non-prime borrowers) against the background of a fairly concentrated and protected banking industry. It finds access broadly adequate for the former group. However, given the dominance of the large banks and their fairly low risk tolerance, financing of riskier projects is a challenge. Problems with venture capital, plausibly related to the prevalence of tax-advantaged labor-sponsored funds, exacerbate the situation for the most innovative SMEs. The paper also finds the market for housing finance to be highly advanced and sophisticated. However, non-prime mortgage financing is in its infancy in Canada, and further development of that sector (while avoiding the excesses that beset the U.S. market in the last few years) would be beneficial. More broadly, despite recent innovations, options available to Canadians for financing house purchases are still somewhat limited, with scarce availability of mortgage maturities beyond five years particularly surprising. Further advances in securitization could help progress in both of these areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Mr. Vladimir Klyuev, 2008. "Show Me the Money: Access to Finance for Small Borrowers in Canada," IMF Working Papers 2008/022, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2008/022
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cumming, Douglas J. & MacIntosh, Jeffrey G., 2006. "Crowding out private equity: Canadian evidence," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 569-609, September.
    2. Vladimir Klyuev & Paul Mills, 2007. "Is Housing Wealth an “ATM”? The Relationship Between Household Wealth, Home Equity Withdrawal, and Saving Rates," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 54(3), pages 539-561, July.
    3. James A. Brander & Raphael Amit & Werner Antweiler, 2002. "Venture‐Capital Syndication: Improved Venture Selection vs. The Value‐Added Hypothesis," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(3), pages 423-452, September.
    4. Oecd, 2006. "Risk Capital in OECD Countries: Past Experience, Current Situation and Policies for Promoting Entrepreneurial Finance," Financial Market Trends, OECD Publishing, vol. 2006(1), pages 113-151.
    5. Douglas J. Cumming & Jeffrey G. MacIntosh, 2007. "Mutual funds that invest in private equity? An analysis of labour-sponsored investment funds," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 31(3), pages 445-487, May.
    6. Danny Leung & Césaire Meh & Yaz Terajima, 2008. "Are There Canada-U.S. Differences in SME Financing?," Staff Working Papers 08-41, Bank of Canada.
    7. Gaudreault, Valerie & Gellatly, Guy & Baldwin, John R., 2002. "Financing Innovation in New Small Firms: New Evidence from Canada," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2002190e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mr. John Kiff, 2009. "Canadian Residential Mortgage Markets: Boring But Effective?," IMF Working Papers 2009/130, International Monetary Fund.
    2. James A. Brox, 2010. "Canadian Banks and the North American Housing Crisis," Chapters, in: Benton E. Gup (ed.), The Financial and Economic Crises, chapter 3, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    3. Anton Miglo, 2020. "Financing of Entrepreneurial Firms in Canada: Some Patterns," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-27, August.
    4. International Monetary Fund, 2009. "Canada: Selected Issues," IMF Staff Country Reports 2009/163, International Monetary Fund.
    5. John Muellbauer & Pierre St-Amant & David Williams, 2015. "Credit Conditions and Consumption, House Prices and Debt: What Makes Canada Different?," Staff Working Papers 15-40, Bank of Canada.

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