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Why Do SMEs Not Borrow More from Banks? Evidence from the People's Republic of China and Southeast Asia

Author

Listed:
  • Wignaraja, Ganeshan

    (Asian Development Bank Institute)

  • Jinjarak, Yothin

    (Asian Development Bank Institute)

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between firm characteristics and borrowing from commercial banks by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and five Southeast Asian economies (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam). Analysis of microdata from enterprise surveys highlights key aspects of SME finance since the global financial crisis, including sources of credit, lender types, and collateral types. First, SMEs typically resort to internal sources rather than external finance (including borrowing from banks) and trade credit. Second, when it comes to external finance, SMEs typically use informal non-bank credit sources more than banks. Third, there is a positive and significant association between bank borrowing and certain characteristics of SMEs, notably financial audits, firm age, and export participation. Fourth, personal assets of SME owners tend to matter more as collateral for SME borrowing from banks than other collateral types. Improving credit guarantee systems, enhancing monitoring and credit scoring by banks, and widening the scope of collateral are possible ways to facilitate increased bank borrowing by SMEs.

Suggested Citation

  • Wignaraja, Ganeshan & Jinjarak, Yothin, 2015. "Why Do SMEs Not Borrow More from Banks? Evidence from the People's Republic of China and Southeast Asia," ADBI Working Papers 509, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbiwp:0509
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

    1. Lucie Szczeponková, 2018. "Firm's Finance and Influence of Global Financial Crisis in the Selected European Countries," Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Mendel University Press, vol. 66(2), pages 583-593.
    2. Yot Amornkitvikai & Charles Harvie, 2018. "SOURCES OF FINANCE AND EXPORT PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM THAI MANUFACTURING SMEs," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 63(01), pages 83-109, March.
    3. Reddy, Ketan & Gopalan, Sasidaran, 2023. "Gender bias in access to trade credit: Firm-level evidence from emerging markets," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    4. Nawal Abdalla Adam, 2024. "Perceived Risk and External Finance Usage in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Unveiling the Moderating Influence of Business Age," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-16, April.
    5. Amornkitvikai, Yot & Harvie, Charles, 2016. "The Impact of Finance on the Performance of Thai Manufacturing Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises," ADBI Working Papers 576, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    6. Park, Heungju & Sohn, Sungbin, 2021. "Flight to quality and implicit guarantee: Evidence from Chinese trust products," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 399-419.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    credit access; firm-level survey; collateral; credit guarantees; smes;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology

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