Кластерные Стратегии И Кластерные Инициативы: Перспективы И Факторы Эффективной Кластеризации[Cluster strategy and cluster initiatives: prospects and factors of effective clustering]

Cluster initiatives can be classified as government & international organization's interventions in economic processes with the declared purpose of improving the competitiveness of manufacturers due to joining the efforts of the stakeholders. The positive clustering influence on employment and incomes is considered as a proven fact, but the aspects of the clustering impact on social environment, as well as aspects of the economic and political power are, not studied enough. The authors deem that the main focus of cluster initiatives should be the employment's effectiveness, that implies an increase in social capital, ie, the level of social responsibility of relations' entities. Criteria set for effective clustering should be shifted from the plane of individual gains to the space of the social structure whose deformation is fraught with far-reaching consequences.