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Validity and Reliability in Church-Based Research

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  • Dunaetz, David Robert

    (Azusa Pacific University)

Abstract

Conducting high-quality research is difficult because so many things can go wrong, whether it be poor research design, researcher bias, inaccurate attempts to measure phenomena, random errors made by participants, or any of a myriad of other problems that can occur. Researchers need to consciously seek to maximize the accuracy of their measurements (measurements that are high in reliability) and make credible conclusions (conclusions that are high in validity). This paper explains several forms of validity and reliability using examples from measures of church attendance and spiritual gifts inventories. It first examines how the validity of research design (including both internal and external validity) and the validity of individual tests and measures (including construct, criterion, and content validity) can be increased. Various forms of validity are described (including inter-rater, test-retest, parallel forms, and internal reliability) so that they can be increased to maximize the likelihood that our conclusions are true.

Suggested Citation

  • Dunaetz, David Robert, 2025. "Validity and Reliability in Church-Based Research," OSF Preprints thbwd_v1, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:osfxxx:thbwd_v1
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/thbwd_v1
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Robert Metcalfe & Nattavudh Powdthavee & Paul Dolan, 2011. "Destruction and Distress: Using a Quasi‐Experiment to Show the Effects of the September 11 Attacks on Mental Well‐Being in the United Kingdom," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 121(550), pages 81-103, February.
    2. repec:osf:osfxxx:3nvzq_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    4. repec:osf:osfxxx:879h4_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Dunaetz, David Robert, 2024. "Using Statistics in Church-Based Research," OSF Preprints 3nvzq, Center for Open Science.
    6. Dunaetz, David Robert, 2023. "Metrics and Measurements in Church-Based Research," OSF Preprints 879h4, Center for Open Science.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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