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Validity and Reliability in Church-Based Research

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  • Dunaetz, David Robert

    (Azusa Pacific University)

Abstract

Conducting high-quality research is difficult because so many things can go wrong, whether it be poor research design, researcher bias, inaccurate attempts to measure phenomena, random errors made by participants, or any of a myriad of other problems that can occur. Researchers need to consciously seek to maximize the accuracy of their measurements (measurements that are high in reliability) and make credible conclusions (conclusions that are high in validity). This paper explains several forms of validity and reliability using examples from measures of church attendance and spiritual gifts inventories. It first examines how the validity of research design (including both internal and external validity) and the validity of individual tests and measures (including construct, criterion, and content validity) can be increased. Various forms of validity are described (including inter-rater, test-retest, parallel forms, and internal reliability) so that they can be increased to maximize the likelihood that our conclusions are true.

Suggested Citation

  • Dunaetz, David Robert, 2025. "Validity and Reliability in Church-Based Research," OSF Preprints thbwd_v1, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:osfxxx:thbwd_v1
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/thbwd_v1
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