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Teleworking in the French private sector: a lasting but heterogenous shift shaped by collective agreements (2019- 2024)

Author

Listed:
  • P. ASKENAZY

    (Insee, Centre Maurice Halbwachs)

  • U. DI NALO

    (Insee- Marchés et entreprises)

  • I. RAMAJO

    (Dares)

  • C. THIOUNN

    (Dares)

Abstract

Teleworking has been widely adopted in France since the Covid 19 crisis. This study traces its evolution from 2019 to late 2024, using worker and employer surveys, firm agreements and administrative databases. After peaking during lockdowns, telework stabilized at 23% of the private workforce, mainly among managers, without recent signs of decline. Textual analysis of agreements shows a dominant hybrid model of typically two telework days per week, confirmed by the Labour Force Survey, with most workers satisfied. Telework correlates with firm characteristics (more common in large firms), job composition (managers influence non-managers), housing (larger homes, longer commutes), and individual and household dimensions (men telework less, partners’ telework increases likelihood), highlighting some key telework dynamics. The latter correlations persist for different specifications including a firm fixed-effects model.

Suggested Citation

  • P. Askenazy & U. Di Nalo & I. Ramajo & C. Thiounn, 2025. "Teleworking in the French private sector: a lasting but heterogenous shift shaped by collective agreements (2019- 2024)," Documents de Travail de l'Insee - INSEE Working Papers 2025-09, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques.
    • Handle: RePEc:nse:doctra:2025-09
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    File URL: https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8562899
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Claudia Senik & Andrew E. Clark & Conchita D’Ambrosio & Anthony Lepinteur & Carsten Schröder, 2024. "Teleworking and life satisfaction during COVID-19: the importance of family structure," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 37(1), pages 1-24, March.
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • L23 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Organization of Production
    • J52 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation
    • J81 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Standards - - - Working Conditions

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