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Quand l'eau n'est plus un don du ciel: un MEGC appliqué au Maroc

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  • Decaluwe, Bernard
  • Patry, André
  • Savard, Luc

Abstract

L'eau est devenue une ressource naturelle précieuse dans la plupart des régions du monde. Avec une croissance phénoménale de la demande, les gouvernements des pays au prise avec cette rareté nouvelle ont tenté d'y faire face en augmentant la capacité de stockage de l'or blanc. Depuis le début de cette décennie, ces gouvernements semblent changer de cap en s'orientant vers une meilleure gestion de la demande afin de rationaliser l'utilisation de la ressource. Cependant, une augmentation drastique du prix chargé aux agriculteurs pourrait avoir des conséquences néfastes sur les secteurs agricoles et se répercuter sur le niveau de vie des ménages agricoles qui représentent une large part de la population active. Nous pensons que toute nouvelle grille tarifaire devrait être étudiée en prenant conscience des répercussions directes et indirectes qu'elle pourrait avoir sur l'ensemble de l'économie et sur le secteur agricole en particulier. Afin de capter ces effets d'interdépendance, nous utilisons un modèle d'équilibre général calculable (MEGC). Avec l'aide de cet outil, nous étudions également l'impact d'une sécheresse sur l'ensemble de l'économie dans ce cahier de recherche. Water has become a precious resource in most regions of the world. The unrelentless increase in it's demand over the years forced governments to significantly increase their country's resource storage capabalities. Public investments were reallocated into the construction of infrastructures such as dams and wells. However, the governments occupied by the scarcity crisis are now reassessing their water management policies due to the mounting costs of these infrastructures. This change of action emphasizes on a better management of the demand for water. These water management reforms often implies an increase in the prices of agricultural water. However, a drastic increase in the agricultural water prices could have negative impacts on the agricultural sector and consequently on the rural households, which represents an important part of the labor force in developing countries. Hence, the pricing instrument shoud be applied cautiously. The direct and indirect effects that this instrument could induce on the economy should be considered with great importance. To capture these general equilibrium effects generated by new water tarifs, we use a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The effect of a drought on the economy is also analyze through a CGE model in this working paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Decaluwe, Bernard & Patry, André & Savard, Luc, 1997. "Quand l'eau n'est plus un don du ciel: un MEGC appliqué au Maroc," Cahiers de recherche 9716, Université Laval - Département d'économique.
    • Handle: RePEc:lvl:laeccr:9716
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    File URL: http://www.ecn.ulaval.ca/w3/recherche/cahiers/1997/9716.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yew‐Kwang Ng, 1987. "Equity, Efficiency and Financial Viability: Public‐Utility Pricing with Special Reference to Water Supply," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 20(3), pages 21-35, September.
    2. Roy Boyd & David H. Newman, 1991. "Tax Reform and Land-Using Sectors in the U.S. Economy: A General Equilibrium Analysis," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 73(2), pages 398-409.
    3. Jean-Marc Burniaux & François Delorme & Ian Lienert & John P. Martin & Peter Hoeller, 1988. "Quantifying the Economy-Wide Effects of Agricultural Policies: A General Equilibrium Approach," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 55, OECD Publishing.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anne Briand, 2008. "Les tarifications au coût marginal versus coût moyen face à des chocs climatiques au Sénégal : un modèle dynamique d’équilibre général calculable appliqué à l’eau," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 185(4), pages 103-122.
    2. Anne Briand, 2006. "Marginal Cost Versus Average Cost Pricing with Climatic Shocks in Senegal: A Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Model Applied to Water," Working Papers 2006.144, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    3. Briand, Anne, 2006. "Marginal Cost Versus Average Cost Pricing with Climatic Shocks in Senegal: Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Model Applied to Water," Climate Change Modelling and Policy Working Papers 12028, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    4. Chokri Thabet & Bob Macgregor & Yves Surry, 1999. "Effets macro-économiques de la politique du prix de l'eau d'irrigation en Tunisie," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 254(1), pages 28-35.
    5. Arce, Rafael de & Mahia, Ramón, 2000. "A Euro-Mediterranean Agricultural Trade Agreement: Benefits for the South and Costs for the EU," MPRA Paper 12721, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2001.
    6. Anne Briand, 2004. "Comparative water pricing analysis: Duality formal-informal in a CGE model for Senegal," Post-Print hal-02430439, HAL.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D58 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • Q25 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Water
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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