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A Test of Trade Theories when Expenditure is Home Biased

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  • Marius BRÜLHART
  • Federico TRIONFETTI

Abstract

We develop and apply a criterion to distinguish two paradigms of international trade theory: constant-returns perfectly competitive models, and increasing-returns monopolistically competitive models. Our analysis makes use of the pervasive presence of home-biased expenditure. It predicts that countries' relative output and their relative home biases are positively correlated in increasing-returns sectors, while no such relationship exists in constant-returns sectors. We estimate country-level sectoral home biases through a gravity equation for international and intranational trade, and we use those estimates to implement our test on input-output data for six European Union economies.

Suggested Citation

  • Marius BRÜLHART & Federico TRIONFETTI, 2001. "A Test of Trade Theories when Expenditure is Home Biased," Cahiers de Recherches Economiques du Département d'Econométrie et d'Economie politique (DEEP) 01.11, Université de Lausanne, Faculté des HEC, DEEP.
    • Handle: RePEc:lau:crdeep:01.11
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    Keywords

    international specialisation; new trade theory; home-market effects; border effects;

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • R3 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location

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