Market cycles for a non-storable product under adjustment costs

When adjustment costs are present, cyclical preference and technology heterogeneities in a product’s markets induce cycles in production. We exploit cyclic and dihedral group invariances in an industry’s cost technology to describe these patterns. We show when equilibrium cyclical pricing and production patterns are ordered according to demand patterns. Our approach allows us to identify periods when prices may fall below unit costs, net of adjustment costs. Social welfare preferences over cyclical demand and supply heterogeneities are identified. We study the particulars of cycle dynamics when demand is linear and adjustment costs are quadratic. The analysis is developed for when external trade is impossible and when it is possible.