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Gender Differences in Academic Time Allocation : Evidence from Japan

Author

Listed:
  • LEE, Sunhee
  • LI, Yalan
  • OSAWA, Ayako
  • USUI, Emiko

Abstract

This paper examines how gender and parenthood relate to time allocation among university faculty using survey data from a large research university in Japan. The data provide detailed information on time spent on research, teaching, administrative work, and household activities. We document substantial gender differences in time allocation. In particular, women spend less time on research and more time on household responsibilities than men, with the gap being especially pronounced among those with children. Teaching time remains relatively similar across groups. These findings suggest that family-related constraints affect the allocation of time differently for men and women, which may contribute to gender disparities in research productivity and academic careers.

Suggested Citation

  • LEE, Sunhee & LI, Yalan & OSAWA, Ayako & USUI, Emiko, 2026. "Gender Differences in Academic Time Allocation : Evidence from Japan," CIS Discussion paper series 709, Center for Intergenerational Studies, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    • Handle: RePEc:hit:cisdps:709
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    File URL: https://hit-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2061790/files/cis_dp709.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Larry D. Singell & Jane H. Lillydahl, 1996. "Will Changing Times Change the Allocation of Faculty Time?," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 31(2), pages 429-449.
    2. Marie C. Thursby & Jerry Thursby & Swasti Gupta-Mukherjee, 2007. "Are There Real Effects of Licensing on Academic Research? A Life Cycle View," NBER Chapters, in: Academic Science and Entrepreneurship: Dual Engines of Growth, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Juster, F Thomas & Stafford, Frank P, 1991. "The Allocation of Time: Empirical Findings, Behavioral Models, and Problems of Measurement," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 29(2), pages 471-522, June.
    4. Donna K. Ginther & Shulamit Kahn, 2004. "Women in Economics: Moving Up or Falling Off the Academic Career Ladder?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(3), pages 193-214, Summer.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J44 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Professional Labor Markets and Occupations

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