IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/hhs/lunewp/2026_009.html

Revisiting US Herding – Accounting for the Dynamics

Author

Listed:
  • Almgren, Pelle

    (Department of Economics, Lund University)

Abstract

I revisit the US stock market during COVID-19 and investigate the effect of news sentiment and the pandemic on herding behavior in an extended, dynamic, version of the model introduced in Chang et al. (2000). This extension is motivated both econometrically and theoretically and the results indicate that treating herding as a dynamic phenomena may reveal insights into the mechanisms driving this behavior. Evidence of herding is identified in the full ample (12th December 2017 to 18th February 2022) and during the COVID-19 period (20th January 2020 to 18th February 2022), whereas no evidence of herding is found in the pre- COVID-19 sample (12th December 2017 to 19th January 2020). Sentiment is further shown to influence herding in different directions and with different dynamics in the two regimes. While negative sentiment is shown to contemporaneously increase herding during COVID-19, the opposite reaction is found for the pre-pandemic period. Before COVID-19, the initial response to sentiment changes over the week.

Suggested Citation

  • Almgren, Pelle, 2026. "Revisiting US Herding – Accounting for the Dynamics," Working Papers 2026:9, Lund University, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:hhs:lunewp:2026_009
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://lucris.lub.lu.se/ws/portalfiles/portal/260382249/WP26_9_cover_combined
    File Function: Full text
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chang, Eric C. & Cheng, Joseph W. & Khorana, Ajay, 2000. "An examination of herd behavior in equity markets: An international perspective," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(10), pages 1651-1679, October.
    2. Lakonishok, Josef & Shleifer, Andrei & Vishny, Robert W., 1992. "The impact of institutional trading on stock prices," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 23-43, August.
    3. Yixiao Sun & Peter C. B. Phillips & Sainan Jin, 2008. "Optimal Bandwidth Selection in Heteroskedasticity-Autocorrelation Robust Testing," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 76(1), pages 175-194, January.
    4. Yarovaya, Larisa & Matkovskyy, Roman & Jalan, Akanksha, 2021. "The effects of a “black swan” event (COVID-19) on herding behavior in cryptocurrency markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    5. Malcolm Baker & Jeffrey Wurgler, 2006. "Investor Sentiment and the Cross‐Section of Stock Returns," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 61(4), pages 1645-1680, August.
    6. Kim, Jikyung (Jeanne) & Dong, Hang & Choi, Jeonghye & Chang, Sue Ryung, 2022. "Sentiment change and negative herding: Evidence from microblogging and news," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 364-376.
    7. Ki-Hong Choi & Seong-Min Yoon, 2020. "Investor Sentiment and Herding Behavior in the Korean Stock Market," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-14, June.
    8. Leippold, Markus, 2023. "Sentiment spin: Attacking financial sentiment with GPT-3," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PB).
    9. Itzhak Ben-David & Francesco A. Franzoni & Rabih Moussawi, 2016. "Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 16-64, Swiss Finance Institute.
    10. Fotini Economou & Christis Hassapis & Nikolaos Philippas, 2018. "Investors’ fear and herding in the stock market," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(34-35), pages 3654-3663, July.
    11. Markus Leippold, 2023. "Sentiment Spin: Attacking Financial Sentiment with GPT-3," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 23-11, Swiss Finance Institute.
    12. John Garcia, 2021. "Analyst herding and firm-level investor sentiment," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 35(4), pages 461-494, December.
    13. Maria-Miruna Pochea & Angela-Maria Filip & Andreea-Maria Pece, 2017. "Herding Behavior in CEE Stock Markets Under Asymmetric Conditions: A Quantile Regression Analysis," Journal of Behavioral Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(4), pages 400-416, October.
    14. Natividad Blasco & Pilar Corredor & Elena Ferrer, 2018. "Analysts herding: when does sentiment matter?," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(51), pages 5495-5509, November.
    15. Duygun, Meryem & Tunaru, Radu & Vioto, Davide, 2021. "Herding by corporates in the US and the Eurozone through different market conditions," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    16. James M. Poterba & John B. Shoven, 2002. "Exchange-Traded Funds: A New Investment Option for Taxable Investors," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 92(2), pages 422-427, May.
    17. Adrian R. Fleissig & James L. Swofford, 2023. "Habit persistence in assets demand," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 89(3), pages 975-985, January.
    18. Maxime Merli & Tristan Roger, 2013. "What drives the herding behavior of individual investors?," Finance, Presses universitaires de Grenoble, vol. 34(3), pages 67-104.
    19. Kiefer, Nicholas M. & Vogelsang, Timothy J., 2005. "A New Asymptotic Theory For Heteroskedasticity-Autocorrelation Robust Tests," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 21(6), pages 1130-1164, December.
    20. Harald Hau & Sandy Lai, 2017. "The Role of Equity Funds in the Financial Crisis Propagation," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(1), pages 77-108.
    21. Itzhak Ben‐David & Francesco Franzoni & Rabih Moussawi, 2018. "Do ETFs Increase Volatility?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 73(6), pages 2471-2535, December.
    22. Erik Andres-Escayola & Corinna Ghirelli & Luis Molina & Javier J. Perez & Elena Vidal, 2024. "Using Newspapers for Textual Indicators: Guidance Based on Spanish- and Portuguese-Speaking Countries," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 64(2), pages 643-692, August.
    23. Welch, Ivo, 2000. "Herding among security analysts," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(3), pages 369-396, December.
    24. Ferreruela, Sandra & Mallor, Tania, 2021. "Herding in the bad times: The 2008 and COVID-19 crises," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    25. repec:dau:papers:123456789/14772 is not listed on IDEAS
    26. Michael Jansson, 2004. "The Error in Rejection Probability of Simple Autocorrelation Robust Tests," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 72(3), pages 937-946, May.
    27. Lux, Thomas, 1995. "Herd Behaviour, Bubbles and Crashes," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 105(431), pages 881-896, July.
    28. Iglesias, Emma M. & Phillips, Garry D. A., 2001. "Reconsidering the gains in efficiency from ML estimation versus OLS in ARCH models," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 21-24, December.
    29. Manojit Chattopadhyay & Ashish Kumar Garg & Subrata Kumar Mitra, 2018. "Herding by Foreign Institutional Investors: An Evidential Exploration for Persistence and Predictability," Journal of Behavioral Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 73-88, January.
    30. Engle, Robert F, 1982. "Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(4), pages 987-1007, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Puput Tri Komalasari & Marwan Asri & Bernardinus M. Purwanto & Bowo Setiyono, 2022. "Herding behaviour in the capital market: What do we know and what is next?," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 72(3), pages 745-787, September.
    2. Yang, Yiwen & Lin, Yi-Wei & Cheng, Li-Chen, 2025. "Impact of real-time public sentiment on herding behavior in Taiwan's stock market: Insights across investor types and industries," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    3. Tihana Škrinjarić, 2018. "Revisiting Herding Investment Behavior on the Zagreb Stock Exchange: A Quantile Regression Approach," Econometric Research in Finance, SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis, vol. 3(2), pages 119-162, December.
    4. R. Eki Rahman & Ermawati, 2020. "An Analysis of Herding Behavior in the Stock Market: A Case Study of the ASEAN-5 and the United States," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, vol. 23(3), pages 297-318, October.
    5. Duygun, Meryem & Tunaru, Radu & Vioto, Davide, 2021. "Herding by corporates in the US and the Eurozone through different market conditions," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    6. Alexakis, Christos & Chantziaras, Antonios & Economou, Fotini & Eleftheriou, Konstantinos & Grose, Christos, 2023. "Animal Behavior in Capital markets: Herding formation dynamics, trading volume, and the role of COVID-19 pandemic," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    7. Filip, Angela Maria & Pochea, Maria Miruna, 2023. "Intentional and spurious herding behavior: A sentiment driven analysis," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    8. Bharti & Nupur Soti & Ashish Kumar, 2025. "Thematic Review and Discussion of Research on Herd Behavior in Capital Markets: Highlighting the Gaps and Proposing Future Research Avenues," SAGE Open, , vol. 15(1), pages 21582440251, February.
    9. Klein, Arne C., 2013. "Time-variations in herding behavior: Evidence from a Markov switching SUR model," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 291-304.
    10. Philippas, Nikolaos & Economou, Fotini & Babalos, Vassilios & Kostakis, Alexandros, 2013. "Herding behavior in REITs: Novel tests and the role of financial crisis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 166-174.
    11. Yide Wang & Chao Yu & Xujie Zhao, 2023. "Does herding effect help forecast market volatility?—Evidence from the Chinese stock market," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(5), pages 1275-1290, August.
    12. John Garcia, 2024. "Herding the crowds: how sentiment affects crowdsourced earnings estimates," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 38(3), pages 331-370, September.
    13. Ferreruela, Sandra & Mallor, Tania, 2021. "Herding in the bad times: The 2008 and COVID-19 crises," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    14. Michael McAleer & Kim Radalj, 2013. "Herding, Information Cascades and Volatility Spillovers in Futures Markets," Journal of Reviews on Global Economics, Lifescience Global, vol. 2, pages 307-329.
    15. Frey, Stefan & Herbst, Patrick & Walter, Andreas, 2014. "Measuring mutual fund herding – A structural approach," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 219-239.
    16. Li, Wei & Rhee, Ghon & Wang, Steven Shuye, 2017. "Differences in herding: Individual vs. institutional investors," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 174-185.
    17. Arjoon, Vaalmikki & Bhatnagar, Chandra Shekhar, 2017. "Dynamic herding analysis in a frontier market," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 496-508.
    18. Liu, Tengdong & Zheng, Dazhi & Zheng, Suyan & Lu, Yang, 2023. "Herding in Chinese stock markets: Evidence from the dual-investor-group," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    19. Bekiros, Stelios & Jlassi, Mouna & Lucey, Brian & Naoui, Kamel & Uddin, Gazi Salah, 2017. "Herding behavior, market sentiment and volatility: Will the bubble resume?," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 107-131.
    20. Richard T. Ampofo & Eric N. Aidoo & Bernard O. Ntiamoah & Ophelia Frimpong & Daniel Sasu, 2023. "An empirical investigation of COVID-19 effects on herding behaviour in USA and UK stock markets using a quantile regression approach," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 47(2), pages 517-540, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G40 - Financial Economics - - Behavioral Finance - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hhs:lunewp:2026_009. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Iker Arregui Alegria (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/delunse.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.