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Vers un système de transport opérant selon les principes de l'économie de la fonctionnalité?

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  • Marion Drut

    (EQUIPPE - Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie - Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies - Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales - PRES Université Lille Nord de France - Université de Lille, Droit et Santé)

Abstract

L'économie de la fonctionnalité (EF) consiste en la substitution de la vente d'une fonction d'usage à celle d'un produit. Les usagers achètent alors de la mobilité plutôt qu'un véhicule. Dans cet article, nous démontrons le potentiel tant économique qu'écologique de l'EF, en particulier dans le domaine des transports, et analysons les conditions de mise en œuvre d'un tel modèle économique et organisationnel. Après avoir situé l'EF dans la théorie économique, nous examinons par quels mécanismes les caractéristiques propres à l'EF ou à sa mise en place (internalisation des coûts, mutualisation des biens) permettent de répondre aux enjeux environnementaux et spatiaux contemporains - l'épuisement des ressources et le changement climatique, ainsi que les conflits d'usage en milieu urbain. Bien que l'effet rebond réduise les gains environnementaux attendus, nous montrons qu'un système de transport en EF possède un potentiel significatif en termes de réduction de flux de matière et d'énergie, et ce sans affecter la qualité du service rendu. Enfin, nous exposons les mécanismes permettant de dépasser les obstacles à la mise en place d'un système en EF, ainsi que les conditions nécessaires pour aller vers un système de transport opérant selon les principes de l' EF, notamment le rôle de l'Etat et l'approche systémique.

Suggested Citation

  • Marion Drut, 2013. "Vers un système de transport opérant selon les principes de l'économie de la fonctionnalité?," Working Papers hal-00996379, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-00996379
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.univ-lille.fr/hal-00996379
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    References listed on IDEAS

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