IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/hal/journl/hal-03381477.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Study of The Relationship Between Public and Private Venture Capitalists in France: A Qualitative Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Jonathan Labbe

    (CEREFIGE - Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises - UL - Université de Lorraine)

Abstract

This research focuses on the study of relationships between public and private equity investors in France. In this regard, we need to apprehend the formal or informal nature of interactions that can sometimes take place within traditional innovation networks (Djellal & Gallouj, 2018). For this, our article mobilizes a public-private partnerships approach (PPPs) and the resource-based view theory. These perspectives emphasize the complementary role of disciplinary and incentive mechanisms as well as the exchange of specific resources as levers for value creation. Moreover, these orientations crossed with the perspective of a hybrid form of co-investment allow us to build a coherent and explanatory framework of the mixed syndication phenomenon. Our methodology is based on a qualitative approach with an interpretative aim, which includes twenty-seven semi-structured interviews. These data were subjected to a thematic content analysis using Nvivo software. The results suggest that the relationships between public and private Venture capitalists (VCs) of a formal or informal nature, more specifically in a syndication context, at a national or regional level, are representative of an "economico-cognitive" (Farrugia, 2014, page 6) approach to networking and innovation. Moreover, the phenomenon of mixed syndication reveals a context of hybridization of public and private actors that would allow the private VCs to benefit from the distribution of wealth when the company develops its innovation. We can also identify a process related to a quest for legitimacy on the part of the public actor characterized by its controlling role within the public-private partnership (Beuve and Saussier, 2019). Finally, our study has some limitations. One example is the measurement of the effects of relationships on "visible" or "invisible" innovation (Djellal & Gallouj, 2018, page 90).

Suggested Citation

  • Jonathan Labbe, 2021. "Study of The Relationship Between Public and Private Venture Capitalists in France: A Qualitative Approach," Post-Print hal-03381477, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03381477
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-03381477
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://hal.science/hal-03381477/document
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bertoni, Fabio & Tykvová, Tereza, 2015. "Does governmental venture capital spur invention and innovation? Evidence from young European biotech companies," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 925-935.
    2. Cumming, Douglas J. & MacIntosh, Jeffrey G., 2006. "Crowding out private equity: Canadian evidence," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 569-609, September.
    3. Stéphane Saussier & Julie De Brux, 2018. "The Economics of Public-Private Partnerships," Post-Print hal-03576325, HAL.
    4. Roine Leiringer, 2006. "Technological innovation in PPPs: incentives, opportunities and actions," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(3), pages 301-308.
    5. Admati, Anat R & Pfleiderer, Paul, 1994. "Robust Financial Contracting and the Role of Venture Capitalists," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(2), pages 371-402, June.
    6. Nunzia Carbonara & Roberta Pellegrino, 2020. "The role of public private partnerships in fostering innovation," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(2), pages 140-156, February.
    7. Yannis Pierrakis & George Saridakis, 2019. "The role of venture capitalists in the regional innovation ecosystem: a comparison of networking patterns between private and publicly backed venture capital funds," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 850-873, June.
    8. James A. Brander & Edward Egan & Thomas F. Hellmann, 2010. "Government Sponsored versus Private Venture Capital: Canadian Evidence," NBER Chapters, in: International Differences in Entrepreneurship, pages 275-320, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. James A. Brander & Qianqian Du & Thomas Hellmann, 2015. "The Effects of Government-Sponsored Venture Capital: International Evidence," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 19(2), pages 571-618.
    10. Elisa Villani & Luciano Greco & Nelson Phillips, 2017. "Understanding Value Creation in Public-Private Partnerships: A Comparative Case Study," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(6), pages 876-905, September.
    11. Stephen P. Osborne, 2006. "The New Public Governance?-super-1," Public Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(3), pages 377-387, September.
    12. James Boyer & Jude Ozor & Patrick Rondé, 2021. "Local innovation ecosystem: structure and impact on adaptive capacity of firms," Industry and Innovation, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(5), pages 620-650, May.
    13. Emmanuelle Dubocage & Dorothée Rivaud-Danset, 2002. "Government policy on venture capital support in France," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(1), pages 25-43, January.
    14. Mike Wright & Andy Lockett, 2003. "The Structure and Management of Alliances: Syndication in the Venture Capital Industry," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(8), pages 2073-2102, December.
    15. Guerini, Massimiliano & Quas, Anita, 2016. "Governmental venture capital in Europe: Screening and certification," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 175-195.
    16. Joseph T. Mahoney & Anita M. McGahan & Christos N. Pitelis, 2009. "Perspective ---The Interdependence of Private and Public Interests," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 20(6), pages 1034-1052, December.
    17. Bertoni, Fabio & Tykvová, Tereza, 2012. "Which form of venture capital is most supportive of innovation?," ZEW Discussion Papers 12-018, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    18. Stéphane Saussier & Julie de Brux, 2018. "The Economics of Public-Private Partnerships," Post-Print hal-02494046, HAL.
    19. Stéphane Saussier & Julie de Brux (ed.), 2018. "The Economics of Public-Private Partnerships," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-319-68050-7, June.
    20. Stephen B. Adams & Dustin Chambers & Michael Schultz, 2018. "A moving target: The geographic evolution of Silicon Valley, 1953–1990," Business History, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(6), pages 859-883, August.
    21. Cumming, Douglas, 2007. "Government policy towards entrepreneurial finance: Innovation investment funds," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 193-235, March.
    22. Pierrakis, Yannis & Saridakis, George, 2017. "Do publicly backed venture capital investments promote innovation? Differences between privately and publicly backed funds in the UK venture capital market," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 7(C), pages 55-64.
    23. Colin Mason & Yannis Pierrakis, 2013. "Venture Capital, the Regions and Public Policy: The United Kingdom since the Post-2000 Technology Crash," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(7), pages 1156-1171, July.
    24. Hervé Ott & Patrick Rondé, 2019. "Inside the regional innovation system black box : Evidence from French data," Post-Print hal-02518258, HAL.
    25. Alperovych, Yan & Groh, Alexander & Quas, Anita, 2020. "Bridging the equity gap for young innovative companies: The design of effective government venture capital fund programs," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(10).
    26. Hervé Ott & Patrick Rondé, 2019. "Inside the regional innovation system black box: Evidence from French data," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 98(5), pages 1993-2026, October.
    27. James Boyer & Jude Ozor & Patrick Rondé, 2021. "Local innovation ecosystem: structure and impact on adaptive capacity of firms," Post-Print hal-03270039, HAL.
    28. Aschauer, David Alan, 1989. "Does public capital crowd out private capital?," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 171-188, September.
    29. Michel Ferrary, 2010. "Syndication of Venture Capital Investment: The Art of Resource Pooling," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 34(5), pages 885-908, September.
    30. Bygrave, William D., 1988. "The structure of the investment networks of venture capital firms," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 3(2), pages 137-157.
    31. Miozzo, Marcela & Dewick, Paul, 2002. "Building competitive advantage: innovation and corporate governance in European construction," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 989-1008, August.
    32. Gordon Murray, 2021. "Ten meditations on government venture capital," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(3), pages 205-227, July.
    33. Athena Roumboutsos & St�phane Saussier, 2014. "Public-private partnerships and investments in innovation: the influence of the contractual arrangement," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(4), pages 349-361, April.
    34. Cumming, Douglas & Li, Dan, 2013. "Public policy, entrepreneurship, and venture capital in the United States," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 345-367.
    35. Honorine Awounou-N’dri & Najoua Boufaden, 2020. "How does venture capital syndication spur innovation? Evidence from French biotechnology firms," Revue de l'Entrepreneuriat, De Boeck Université, vol. 19(1), pages 81-112.
    36. Bresnahan, Timothy F & Gambardella, Alfonso & Saxenian, AnnaLee, 2001. "'Old Economy' Inputs for 'New Economy' Outcomes: Cluster Formation in the New Silicon Valleys," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 10(4), pages 835-860, December.
    37. Mahoney, Joseph & McGahan, Anita & Pitelis, Christos, 2009. "The Interdependence of Private and Public Interests," Papers DYNREG40, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    38. Leleux, Benoit & Surlemont, Bernard, 2003. "Public versus private venture capital: seeding or crowding out? A pan-European analysis," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 81-104, January.
    39. Cumming, Douglas & Schmidt, Daniel & Walz, Uwe, 2010. "Legality and venture capital governance around the world," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 25(1), pages 54-72, January.
    40. Cumming, Douglas J. & Grilli, Luca & Murtinu, Samuele, 2017. "Governmental and independent venture capital investments in Europe: A firm-level performance analysis," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 439-459.
    41. van Aswegen, Mariske & Retief, Francois Pieter, 2020. "The role of innovation and knowledge networks as a policy mechanism towards more resilient peripheral regions," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    42. Bygrave, William D., 1987. "Syndicated investments by venture capital firms: A networking perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 2(2), pages 139-154.
    43. Gupta, Anil K. & Sapienza, Harry J., 1992. "Determinants of venture capital firms' preferences regarding the industry diversity and geographic scope of their investments," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 7(5), pages 347-362, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jonathan Labbe, 2021. "Study of The Relationship Between Public and Private Venture Capitalists in France: A Qualitative Approach," Papers 2110.09098, arXiv.org.
    2. Jonathan Labbé, 2020. "Study of the relations between public and private capital-investors in France: a qualitative approach [Étude des relations entre capital-investisseurs publics et privés en France : une approche qua," Post-Print hal-03000096, HAL.
    3. Jianjun Xu & Lijie Yu & Rakesh Gupta, 2020. "Evaluating the Performance of the Government Venture Capital Guiding Fund Using the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-24, August.
    4. Jonathan Labbé, 2020. "Venture capital risk, start-ups and innovation: the syndication of venture capital investments recipe [Capital-risque, start-ups et innovation : la recette du financement par syndication]," Post-Print hal-03000103, HAL.
    5. Yuejia Zhang, 2018. "Gain or pain? New evidence on mixed syndication between governmental and private venture capital firms in China," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 51(4), pages 995-1031, December.
    6. Ge, Guoqing & Xue, Jian & Zhang, Qian, 2024. "Industrial policy and governmental venture capital: Evidence from China," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    7. Guerini, Massimiliano & Quas, Anita, 2016. "Governmental venture capital in Europe: Screening and certification," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 175-195.
    8. Bertoni, Fabio & Tykvová, Tereza, 2013. "Which form of venture capital is most supportive of innovation? Evidence from European biotechnology companies," FZID Discussion Papers 69-2013, University of Hohenheim, Center for Research on Innovation and Services (FZID).
    9. Alperovych, Yan & Groh, Alexander & Quas, Anita, 2020. "Bridging the equity gap for young innovative companies: The design of effective government venture capital fund programs," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(10).
    10. Zhang, Jing & Fan, Yueqi & Liu, Ye, 2024. "The effects of government venture capital: New evidence from China based on a two-sided matching structural model," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    11. Soleimani Dahaj, Arash & Cozzarin, Brian Paul, 2019. "Government venture capital and cross-border investment," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 113-127.
    12. Devarakonda, Ramakrishna & Liu, Aqi, 2023. "A legitimacy-based view of the impact of government venture capital on startup innovation: Evidence from a transition economy," Other publications TiSEM 3afc4804-f469-4dd7-bb34-8, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    13. Laura Abrardi & Annalisa Croce & Elisa Ughetto, 2019. "The dynamics of switching between governmental and independent venture capitalists: theory and evidence," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 53(1), pages 165-188, June.
    14. Jeaneth Johansson & Malin Malmström & Joakim Wincent, 2021. "Sustainable Investments in Responsible SMEs: That’s What’s Distinguish Government VCs from Private VCs," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-22, January.
    15. Murray, Gordon, 2020. "Ten Meditations on (Public) Venture Capital – Revisited," MPRA Paper 104389, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Pavlova, Elitsa & Signore, Simone, 2019. "The European venture capital landscape: an EIF perspective. Volume V: The economic impact of VC investments supported by the EIF," EIF Working Paper Series 2019/55, European Investment Fund (EIF).
    17. Siying Yang & Shunyu Ma & Jingjing Lu, 2022. "Can government venture capital guidance funds promote urban innovation? Evidence from China," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(2), pages 753-770, June.
    18. Fabio Bertoni & Massimo Colombo & Anita Quas, 2015. "The patterns of venture capital investment in Europe," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 45(3), pages 543-560, October.
    19. Engberg, Erik & Halvarsson, Daniel & Tingvall, Patrik, 2017. "Direct and Indirect Effects of Private- and Government Sponsored Venture Capital," Ratio Working Papers 288, The Ratio Institute.
    20. Karsai, Judit, 2015. "Állami szerepvállalás a kelet-közép-európai kockázatitőke-piacon [The role of government in the Central and East European venture-capital market]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(11), pages 1172-1195.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03381477. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: CCSD (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.