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The Effects of Terror on International Air Passenger Transport: An Empirical Investigation

Author

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  • Subhayu Bandyopadhyay
  • Devashish Mitra
  • Cong S. Pham

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical model (adapted from the structural gravity model by Anderson and van Wincoop, 2003) to capture the effects of terrorism on air passenger traffic between nations affected by terrorism. We then use equations derived from this model, in conjunction with alternative functional forms for trade costs, to estimate the effects of terrorism on bilateral air passenger flows from 57 source countries to 25 destination countries for the period of 2000 to 2014. We find that an additional terrorist incident results in approximately a 1.2% decrease in the bilateral air passenger transport per unit distance while doubling of the accumulated terrorist incidents during the past 5 years reduces it by 18%. Terrorism adversely impacts the bilateral air passenger transport per unit distance both by reducing national output and especially by increasing psychological distress, which could be an important contributing factor in perceived travel costs. Last but not the least, we show that the responsiveness of international air travel to terrorism critically depends on the nature of the terrorist attacks. Specifically, international air passenger transport is found to be extremely sensitive to fatal terrorist attacks and terrorist attacks of targets such as airports, transportation or tourists.

Suggested Citation

  • Subhayu Bandyopadhyay & Devashish Mitra & Cong S. Pham, 2017. "The Effects of Terror on International Air Passenger Transport: An Empirical Investigation," Working Papers 2017-2, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
  • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedlwp:2017-002
    DOI: 10.20955/wp.2017.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    air passengers; airline industry; gravity equation; international trade; terrorism;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • L93 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Air Transportation

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