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Does Firms' Financing in Foreign Currency Matter for Monetary Policy?

Author

Listed:
  • Volha Audzei
  • Jan Bruha
  • Ivan Sutoris

Abstract

In this paper, we study domestic and foreign monetary policy transmission in a small open economy in which firms can decide to hold foreign currency loans (FCLs). In a workhorse two-country DSGE model, firms borrow in advance to cover production costs and choose the share of FCLs based on interest rate differentials and expected exchange rate movements. In this framework, we further examine how FCL holdings affect the transmission of exogenous shocks and monetary policy. The results indicate that FCLs impact the effectiveness of domestic policy depending on the shock type: they strengthen monetary policy transmission in response to domestic shocks, while weakening it in response to asymmetric foreign and exchange rate shocks. Symmetric global supply shocks reduce domestic policy efficacy, requiring higher rates to curb inflation but causing larger output losses. In contrast, global demand shocks allow for less aggressive domestic policy responses under large FCL holdings.

Suggested Citation

  • Volha Audzei & Jan Bruha & Ivan Sutoris, 2025. "Does Firms' Financing in Foreign Currency Matter for Monetary Policy?," Working Papers 2025/10, Czech National Bank, Research and Statistics Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:cnb:wpaper:2025/10
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    File URL: https://www.cnb.cz/export/sites/cnb/en/economic-research/.galleries/research_publications/cnb_wp/cnbwp_2025_10.pdf
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics

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