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Efficiency Gains by Modifying GMM Estimation in Linear Models under Heteroskedasticity

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  • Jan Frederik Kiviet
  • Qu Feng

Abstract

While coping with nonsphericality of the disturbances, standard GMM suffers from a blind spot for exploiting the most effective instruments when these are obtained directly from unconditional rather than conditional moment assumptions. For instance, standard GMM counteracts that exogenous regressors are used as their own optimal instruments. This is easily seen after transmuting GMM for linear models into IV in terms of transformed variables. It is demonstrated that modified GMM (MGMM), exploiting straight-forward modifications of the instruments, can achieve substantial efficiency gains and bias reductions, even under mild heteroskedasticity. Feasible MGMM implementations and their standard er-ror estimates are examined and compared with standard GMM and IV for a range of typical models for cross-section data, both by simulation and by empirical illustration.

Suggested Citation

  • Jan Frederik Kiviet & Qu Feng, 2014. "Efficiency Gains by Modifying GMM Estimation in Linear Models under Heteroskedasticity," CESifo Working Paper Series 5088, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_5088
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    Cited by:

    1. Shahriar Kabir & Ruhul Salim, 2016. "Can A Common Currency Induce Intra-Regional Trade? The Southeast Asian Perspective," Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(3), pages 218-234, November.
    2. Kiviet Jan F., 2017. "Discriminating between (in)valid External Instruments and (in)valid Exclusion Restrictions," Journal of Econometric Methods, De Gruyter, vol. 6(1), pages 1-9, January.
    3. Jan Kiviet & Milan Pleus & Rutger Poldermans, 2017. "Accuracy and Efficiency of Various GMM Inference Techniques in Dynamic Micro Panel Data Models," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-54, March.
    4. Shahriar Kabir & Harry Bloch & Ruhul A Salim, 2018. "Global Financial Crisis And Southeast Asian Trade Performance: Empirical Evidence," Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(2), pages 114-144, July.
    5. Jan F. Kiviet & Milan Pleus & Rutger Poldermans, 2014. "Accuracy and efficiency of various GMM inference techniques in dynamic micro panel data models," UvA-Econometrics Working Papers 14-09, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Dept. of Econometrics.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    efficiency; generalized method of moments; instrument strength; non-spherical disturbances; (un)conditional moment assumptions;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C01 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General - - - Econometrics
    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General
    • C26 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation

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