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Inflation expectations and the pass-through of oil prices

Author

Listed:
  • Knut Are Aastveit
  • Hilde C. Bjørnland
  • Jamie L. Cross

Abstract

Do inflation expectations and the associated pass-through of oil price shocks depend on demand and supply conditions underlying the global market for crude oil? We answer this question with a novel structural vector autoregressive model of the global oil market that jointly identifies transmissions of oil demand and supply shocks through the real price of oil to both expected and realized inflation. Our main insight is that US households form their expectations of inflation differently when faced with long sustained increases in the price of oil, such as the early millennium oil price surge of 2003 to 2008, as compared to short and sharp price fluctuations that characterized much of the twentieth century. We also find that oil demand and supply shocks can explain a large proportion of expected and realized inflation dynamics during multiple periods of economic significance, and resolve disagreements around the role of oil prices in explaining the missing deflation puzzle of the Great Recession.

Suggested Citation

  • Knut Are Aastveit & Hilde C. Bjørnland & Jamie L. Cross, 2020. "Inflation expectations and the pass-through of oil prices," Working Paper 2020/5, Norges Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:bno:worpap:2020_05
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    File URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2672674
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    Cited by:

    1. Wehrhöfer, Nils, 2023. "Energy prices and inflation expectations: Evidence from households and firms," Discussion Papers 28/2023, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    2. Bobeica, Elena & Ciccarelli, Matteo & Vansteenkiste, Isabel, 2021. "The changing link between labor cost and price inflation in the United States," Working Paper Series 2583, European Central Bank.
    3. Güntner, Jochen & Öhlinger, Peter, 2022. "Oil price shocks and the hedging benefit of airline investments," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    4. Aidala, Felix & Armantier, Olivier & Koşar, Gizem & Somerville, Jason & Topa, Giorgio & van der Klaauw, Wilbert, 2024. "Gasoline price changes and consumer inflation expectations: Experimental evidence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 66-80.
    5. Lutz Kilian & Xiaoqing Zhou, 2023. "Oil Price Shocks and Inflation," Working Papers 2312, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
    6. An, Zidong & Sheng, Xuguang Simon & Zheng, Xinye, 2023. "What is the role of perceived oil price shocks in inflation expectations?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    7. Jochen Güntner & Johannes Henßler, 2021. "Ease on the Cannons, Tighten on the Trumpets: Geopolitical Risk and the Transmission of Monetary Policy Shocks," Economics working papers 2021-09, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
    8. Braun, Robin, 2021. "The importance of supply and demand for oil prices: evidence from non-Gaussianity," Bank of England working papers 957, Bank of England.
    9. Gökhan Ider & Alexander Kriwoluzky & Frederik Kurcz & Ben Schumann, 2024. "Friend, Not Foe - Energy Prices and European Monetary Policy," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 2089, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    10. Christiane Baumeister, 2023. "Pandemic, War, Inflation: Oil Markets at a Crossroads?," NBER Working Papers 31496, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Baumann, Ursel & Darracq Pariès, Matthieu & Westermann, Thomas & Riggi, Marianna & Bobeica, Elena & Meyler, Aidan & Böninghausen, Benjamin & Fritzer, Friedrich & Trezzi, Riccardo & Jonckheere, Jana & , 2021. "Inflation expectations and their role in Eurosystem forecasting," Occasional Paper Series 264, European Central Bank.
    12. Cheikh, Nidhaleddine Ben & Zaied, Younes Ben & Mattoussi, Wided, 2023. "Oil price shocks in the age of surging inflation," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    inflation expectations; inflation pass-through; oil prices;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • D84 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Expectations; Speculations
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

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